Test II Pneumonia
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| What kind of precautions do you take with AIDS? | Standard Precautions
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| What Causes the AIDS Virus? | HIV. You can have HIV but not have AIDS
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| What part of the immune system does the AIDS virus attack? | The T4 lymphocytes which are critical in the immune process because they trigger other immune cells to Act?
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| What are 4 ways that the AIDS virus can be transmitted? | 1) Sexual Contact
2) Exchange of body fluids
3) IV drug use
4) May be passed in breast milk
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| Name the 6 opportunistic infections that can occur as an result of AIDS? | - Pneumocystis Carinii
- Tuberculosis
- Viral Pneumonia
- Bacterial infections
- Fungal Infections
- Neoplastic Diseases (Tumors)
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| This type of infection which is typical in AIDS is a protozoan infection and it treated with Pentamidine? | Pneumocystis Carinii
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| This type of infection is caused by Mycobacterium, can be tested by using Acid fast bacilli and is treated with Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampin | Tuberculosis
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| This type of infection is caused by Cytomegalovirus and Often coexists with pneumocystis carinii | Viral Pneumonia
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| In AIDS patients, this type of infection is caused by Streptococcus or Haemophilus influenzae and is treated with with penicillins (unless they become resistant or allergic) | Bacterial infections
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| This type of infection is caused by either Histoplasmosis, Coccidiodomycosis, Candida albicans,Aspergillus and is treated by using either Amphotericn B, or Nystatin? | Fungal Infections
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| This type of disease is typical in AIDS patients and is caused mainly by Kaposi Sarcoma – (a type of Skin Cancer) | Neoplastic Diseases (Tumors)
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| What are the common diagnostic Tests to determine AIDS? | - ELISA stands for: Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay
- Western blot test
- A CBC test to determine leukopenia (aka: decreased WBC) with an infection
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| Treatment will consist of these two parts? | 1) Supportive therapy (counseling, education, oxygen therapy,)
2) Medications
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| Name the 4 drugs that can be administered for HIV drug therapy? | 1) AZT (azidothymidine)
2) Retrovir
3) Zidovudine
4) Dedeoxyinosine (DDI) or Videx
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| This type of Pneumonia is frequently undiagnosed? | Nonbacterial Pneumonia
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| What are the 3 Key signs of bacterial pneumonia? | 1. Expectoration of yellow sputum
2. Increased White Blood Cell count
3. Presence of Fever
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| Aspiration pneumonia results in what type of anatomic alterations? | - alveolar consolidation
- atelectasis
- inflammation of the alveoli
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| What term applies to the filling of alveolar spaces as a result of pneumonia? | Effusion
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| The expression "walking pneumonia" is generally applied to patient with what typed of pneumonia? | Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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| The most commonly found bacterial cause for pneumonia is: | Streptococcus pneumoniae
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| Your patient has been hospitalized for 2 weeks and has a tracheostomy tube. Her secretions have a sweet smell and are green in color. What is the most likely organism causing her infection? | Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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| A 75-year-old patient has had a stroke leaving him with dysphagia. What type of pneumonia is he at risk of developing? | aspiration
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| A patient with the common cold and associated chest infection would be treated with all of the following EXCEPT: A. antibiotic B. bed rest C. ample fluids D. over-the-counter cold and cough medicine | A. antibiotic
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| As the respiratory therapist, you have given supplemental oxygen to a patient with pneumonia. What would cause the patient to be hypoxemic? 1. Diffusion defect 2. Capillary shunting 3. Alveolar consolidation 4. Hypoventilation | B. 2, 3
Pneumonia causes hypoxemia because of alveolar consolidation and related capillary shunting. A diffusion defect is found in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Because of hypoxemia, patients with pneumonia will hyperventilate, not hypoventilate.
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| A patient with severe pneumonia can be expected to have the following: 1. chest pain 2. tachycardia 3. hemoptysis 4. cyanosis A. 4 B. 2, 3 C. 1, 2, 4 D. 1, 2, 3, 4 | D. 1, 2, 3, 4
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| When auscultating over an area of pneumonia, what breath sound can be expected? A. Hyperresonance B. Wheezing C. Bronchial D. Vesicular | C. Bronchial -Bronchial bs are heard in pneumonia pt with consolidation. Hyperresonance is a percussion note heard over an area of pneumothorax. Wheezing is heard when asthma pt is having bronchospasm. Vesicular bs are only heard over normal lung areas.
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| usually happens to pregnant women, Associated with asperiation pneumonia, can have tachycardia, cynaosis, dyspnea | Mendelsohn's Syndrome
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| The expression "walking pneumonia" is generally applied to a patient with what type of pneumonia? | Mycoplasma
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| In the absence of a secondary bacterial infection, lung inflammation caused by the aspiration of gastric fluids usually becomes insignificant in approximately how many days? | 3 days or 72 hours
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| What is the most common viral pulmonary complication of AIDS? | cytomeglovirus
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| Because of hypoxemia associated with pneumonia, what respiratory care treatment may be needed? | oxygen
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| Atelectasis is particularly common in this type of pneumonia? | Aspiration
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| Almost always the cause of acute epiglottitis? | Hemaphillus influenza
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| What term applies to the filling of alveolar spaces as a result of pneumonia? | effusion
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| This type of infection is found in Human GI tract & likes wet environment? | Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
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| Name the 3 kinds of Atypical infections? | a. Legionella pneumophila
b. Rickettsiae
c. Mycoplasma
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Created by:
jlsteely
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