Mesopotamia
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| Mesopotamia is between what two rivers? | Tigris and Euphrates
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| Mesopotamia is a Greek word that means | between two rivers
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| What was the climate like in Mesopotamia | hot and dry
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| How did farmers in ancient Mesopotamia deal with the farming problem? | they built leeves to control the floods and they also built different types of irrigation systems
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| What made farming a challenge in Mesopotamia? | hot dry climate was mixed with seasonal flooding
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| What four products were ancient Mesopotamians able to grow once they had their flooding under control? | Wheat, barley, sesame and flax
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| Mesopotamia was actually an ______ not a ________ | area ; civilization
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| Mesopotamia was composed of several independent ______-______. | city - states
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| Each of these city - states had their own _____,_____,_____, and _______. | religion, laws, language and governement
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| Some of the cultures that have existed in the areas know as Mesopotamia were ___,___, ___ and ____. | Sumeria, Assyrai, Babylon and Iraq
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| Who were the first people to live in Mesopotamia? | Sumerians
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| Why did the Sumerians move to Mesopotamia? | To take advantage of the fertile soil
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| Why were some Sumerians able to become tradesman, merchants, and artisans? | Because they had a stable food supply and not everyone was needed to farm, hunt or fish
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| What did the Sumerians call their country? | Sumer
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| What important invention have the Sumerians been given credit for? | the invention of the written language
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| Why did the Sumerians invent the written language? | so that they could keep records
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| The Sumerians didn't write with letters; they used _____ called ______ | pictures called pictographs
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| What were professional writers called? | scribes
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| What did these professional writers write on? | Clay tablets with a stylus
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| Eventually, the pictures were replaced by shapes and lines. What was this type of writing called? | cuneiform
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| What 5 other items did the Sumerians invent? | wheel, water clock, 12 month calendar, plow and sailboat
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| The Sumerian number system was based on what number? | 60
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| We still use the Sumerians system of measuring _____, which is also based on the number ___. | time ; 60
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| Between 3500 and 2000 B.C. the Sumerians were living in large villages, but when they became move prosperous (rich) the villages developed into _________city-states. | self - governing
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| 3 reasons why the Sumerians used sun-dried mud bricks to build their homes | 1. there was no building stone
2. there was very little timber in Sumer
3. the rivers were a great source for mud
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| What 3 types of people lived in two - story homes? | priests, wealthy and merchants
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| Religion was important to the Sumerians, and in the center of each city-state was a temple called a _______. | Ziggurats
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| Ziggurats, were like huge ______ with terraced sides that were _____ on top. | pyramids ; flat
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| Sumerians had many _____ whom they believed spoke to them through their _______. Because of this, priests had a great deal of _____ and they were most like _______. | gods; priests ; power; kings
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| What was the one great disadvantage of living in Mesopotamia? | the land didn't provide any natural protection
from invaders
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| What was one group that moved in to Sumeria? | Akkadians
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| The Akkadians were Semitic because they spoke a _____language. This language is similiar to the languages of _____ and _______. | Semitic ; Arabic ; Hebrew
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| Where did the Akkadians form their own country? | where the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers were close together
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| Whose culture did the Akkadians mostly adopt? | Sumarians
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| What eventually happened to Sumeria? | it was absorbed by invaders
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