Ch 7 nutrition
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| Metabolism | The sum of all the chemical reactions that sgo on in living cells.
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| Energy metabolism includes all the____ | reactions by which the body obtains and expends the energy from food.
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| Metabolic reactions are | The anabolic and catabolic reactions in the cells.
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| Catabolism | reactions in cells which large molecules are broken down to smaller ones. They also release energy ( ex: hydrolysis digestion breakin down the glycogen in the liver or muscles to get glucose breaking down a body protein to get glucose.
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| Anabolism | Reactions in cells in which small molecules are put together to build larger ones. Anabolic reactions require energy. Ex: condensation, building glycogen, building protein
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| When a patient is healing they are in a ___ nitrogen balance | positive; anabolic
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| When a patient is sick they are in a ____ nitrogen balance which is a ______ | negative;catabolic
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| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate. ATP is energy in the body. It is a transfer energy molecule a common energy currency and a high energy molecule
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| ATP is the ______ in the cells in the body | Energy
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| We convert or transfer the energy in ___,___,___ and_____ to ____ and hold it in our cells until needed | glucose, glycerol, fatty acids and amino acids; ATP
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| ______ has to be converted to ______ so it can be used for energy | Glucose; ATP
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| What is the converision factor to convert glucose into ATP | The Krebs Cycle or TCA Cycle
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| Enzymes are: | protein catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions.
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| Coenymes are : | Enzyme helpers.
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| Four basic units that are derived from foods and used by the body in metabolic transformations are | glucose, glycerol, fatty acids, amino acids
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| Aerobic metabolism requires | 02.
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| Aerobic generates a lot of | ATP or burns a lot of kcals.
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| Anaerobic metabolism: | does not require O2. Ex sprints high and long jump.
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| If you have insufficient oxygen during metabolism________ is converted to __ in the muscles and will be sent to the _____ to be processed | pyruvate; lactic acid acid in the muscles;liver
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| Hydrolysis is an example of? | catabolic reaction
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| During metabolism released energy is captured and transferred by | Adenonsine CoA
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| The formation of glycogen by the liver cell is an example of | anabolism
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| whichof the following compounds cannot be formed from fatty acids | glucose
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| What is the immediate fate of excess dietary protein in the body? | oxidized
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| Which of the following cannot be used to make body proteins? | fatty acids
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| Approximately what percentage of triglycerides cannot be converted to glucose? | 95
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| If the carbohydrate content of the diet is insufficient to meet the bodys need for glucose, which of the following can be converted to glucose? | fatty acids
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| When protein consumption is in excess of body needs are met the excess amino acids are metabolized and the energy in the molecules is | stored fat only
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| Which of the following is the most likely side effect of a high protein low carbohydrate diet? | dehydration
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| what is the most likely cause for a person to have abnormally high blood ammonia levels | liver dysfunction
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| what is the most likely reason for having and abnormally high blood urea level | kidney dysfunction
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| When energy yielding nutrients are consumed in excess which one can lead to storage of fat? | fat, carbs, and protein
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| After the first day or so of fasting which of the following is most | glycogen
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| During the first days of a fast what energy source provides about 90% of the glucose needed to fuel the body | glycogen
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| Which of the following is used to supply some of the fuel needed by the brain only after the body has been fasting for a while? | amino acids
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| The body stores energy for future use in | acetyl CoA
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