Chemistry(AKH)
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| Chemistry | the study of substances and the changes they undergo
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| central science | overlaps all other sci
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| energy | the capacity to do work
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| work | the capacity to move an obj. over a distance against a resisting force
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| forms of energy | kinetic, radiant, and potential
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| KE | energy of motion
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| mechanical energy | KE
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| thermal energy | KE
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| random internal motion of particles | KE
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| radiant | energy from sun
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| potential | stored energy
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| energy possessed by object because of position or arrangement of particles | PE
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| measurement of energy | calorie or joule
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| 1 cal = | 4.184 J
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| law of conserv. of energy | in any process, energy is neither created nor destroyed
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| fossil fuels | coal and petroleum and natural gas
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| measurement of temp. | celcius and farenheit
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| kelvin scale | SI unit of temp. (K)
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| c=k-? | 273
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| absolute zero | point at which the motion of particles of matter ceases
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| matter | anything that has mass and volume
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| states of matter | solid liquid gas plasma
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| chemical changes alter | the identity of a substance
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| physical changes alter | looks but not identity
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| type of change where new substance is created with new properties | chemical change
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| sodium | Na
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| Copper | Cu
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| Lead | Pb
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| Tungsten | W
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| Iron | Fe
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| Tin | Sn
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| Potassium | K
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| gold | Au
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| Mercury | Hg
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| SIlver | Ag
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| ------- can not be separated by physical or chemical means | element
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| elements are abbreviated with | symbols and letters
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| elements are organized on the | periodic table
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| compound | two or more elements chemically combined
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| pure substances | elements and compounds- because they have a unique set of chemical and physical properties
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| specific heat capacity formula | H= mc (delta) t
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| gasoline in car is ex. of ? energy | potential
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| mixture | substances that have come together but are not chemically combined
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| homogeneous | undistinguishable
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| heterogeneous | distinguishable
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| ways of seperation | evaporation, crystallization, distilling, filtering, chromotog., centrifuge
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| heterogeneous mix. often seperated by | filtration
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| seperating sand and water can be done by | filtration
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| separating sugar from sugar water by | crystallization
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| separation that takes advantage of boiling points is | distillation
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| removing chlorophyll form leaves by | chromo.
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| decompose water into h and o by | electrolysis
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| crude oil into gas | distillation
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| magnesium + oxygen | magnesium oxide
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| iron + sulfur | iron II sulfide
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