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chemistry(ch1&2)
Chemistry(AKH)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chemistry | the study of substances and the changes they undergo |
| central science | overlaps all other sci |
| energy | the capacity to do work |
| work | the capacity to move an obj. over a distance against a resisting force |
| forms of energy | kinetic, radiant, and potential |
| KE | energy of motion |
| mechanical energy | KE |
| thermal energy | KE |
| random internal motion of particles | KE |
| radiant | energy from sun |
| potential | stored energy |
| energy possessed by object because of position or arrangement of particles | PE |
| measurement of energy | calorie or joule |
| 1 cal = | 4.184 J |
| law of conserv. of energy | in any process, energy is neither created nor destroyed |
| fossil fuels | coal and petroleum and natural gas |
| measurement of temp. | celcius and farenheit |
| kelvin scale | SI unit of temp. (K) |
| c=k-? | 273 |
| absolute zero | point at which the motion of particles of matter ceases |
| matter | anything that has mass and volume |
| states of matter | solid liquid gas plasma |
| chemical changes alter | the identity of a substance |
| physical changes alter | looks but not identity |
| type of change where new substance is created with new properties | chemical change |
| sodium | Na |
| Copper | Cu |
| Lead | Pb |
| Tungsten | W |
| Iron | Fe |
| Tin | Sn |
| Potassium | K |
| gold | Au |
| Mercury | Hg |
| SIlver | Ag |
| ------- can not be separated by physical or chemical means | element |
| elements are abbreviated with | symbols and letters |
| elements are organized on the | periodic table |
| compound | two or more elements chemically combined |
| pure substances | elements and compounds- because they have a unique set of chemical and physical properties |
| specific heat capacity formula | H= mc (delta) t |
| gasoline in car is ex. of ? energy | potential |
| mixture | substances that have come together but are not chemically combined |
| homogeneous | undistinguishable |
| heterogeneous | distinguishable |
| ways of seperation | evaporation, crystallization, distilling, filtering, chromotog., centrifuge |
| heterogeneous mix. often seperated by | filtration |
| seperating sand and water can be done by | filtration |
| separating sugar from sugar water by | crystallization |
| separation that takes advantage of boiling points is | distillation |
| removing chlorophyll form leaves by | chromo. |
| decompose water into h and o by | electrolysis |
| crude oil into gas | distillation |
| magnesium + oxygen | magnesium oxide |
| iron + sulfur | iron II sulfide |
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