ortho5 ortho terms
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| Scoliosis: | A lateral curvature of the spine. Scoliosis can occur in the cervical, thoracic or lumbar curves. Classifications of scoliosis include idiopathic, non-structural, and structural.
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| Shoulder dislocation: | A true separation of the humerus from the glenoid fossa.
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| Shoulder separation: . | A disruption in the stability of the acromioclavicular joint
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| Tendonitis: | A condition caused by acute or chronic inflammation of a tendon. Symptoms may include gradual onset, tenderness, swelling, and pain.
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| Contusion: | A sudden blow to a part of the body that can result in mild to severe damage to superficial and deep structures. Treatment includes active range of motion, ice, and compression.
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| Edema: | An increased volume of fluid in the soft tissue outside of a joint capsule.
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| Effusion: | An increased volume of fluid within a joint capsule.
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| Genu valgum: | A condition where the knees touch while standing with the feet separated. Genu valgum will increase compression of the lateral tibial condyle and increase stress to the medial structures. Genu valgum is also termed knock-knee.
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| Genu varum: | A condition where there is bowing of the legs with added space between the knees while standing with the feet together. Genu varum will increase compression of the medial tibial condyle and increase stress to the lateral structures.
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| Kyphosis: | An excessive curvature of the spine in a posterior direction usually identified in the thoracic spine. Common causes include osteoporosis, compression fractures, and poor posture secondary to paralysis.
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| Lordosis: . | An excessive curvature of the spine in an anterior direction usually identified in the cervical or lumbar spine. Common causes include weak abdominal muscles, pregnancy, excessive weight in the abdominal area, and hip flexion contractures
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| Myositis ossificans: | A condition of heterotopic bone formation that occurs three to four weeks after a contusion or trauma within the soft tissue.
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| Q angle: | from the midpatella to the anterior superior iliac spine and to the tibial tubercle. A normal Q angle measured in supine with the knee straight is 13 degrees for a male and is 18 degrees for a female.
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| Scoliosis: | A lateral curvature of the spine. Scoliosis can occur in the cervical, thoracic or lumbar curves. Classifications of scoliosis include idiopathic, non-structural, and structural.
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| Sprain: | An acute injury involving a ligament.
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| Grade I Sprain – | mild pain and swelling, little to no tear of the ligament
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| Grade II Sprain – | moderate pain and swelling, minimal instability of the joint, minimal to moderate tearing of the ligament, decreased range of motion
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| Grade III Sprain – | severe pain and swelling, substantial joint instability, total tear of the ligament, substantial decrease in range of motion
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| Strain: | An injury involving the musculotendinous unit that involves a muscle, tendon or their attachments to bone.
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| Grade I Strain – | localized pain, minimal swelling, and tenderness
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| Grade II Strain – | localized pain, moderate swelling, tenderness, and impaired motor function
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| Grade III Strain – | a palpable defect of the muscle, severe pain, and poor motor function
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| Tendonitis: | A condition caused by acute or chronic inflammation of a tendon. Symptoms may include gradual onset, tenderness, swelling, and pain.
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