electricity terminology
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| Accommodation: Accommodation is an occurrence whereby a nerve and muscle | membraneʼs threshold for excitability increases secondary to a stimulation by a pulse that has a slow phase rise time. The quicker the rise time, the less the nerve can accommodate to the impulse.
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| Alternating current (biphasic): | allows for the constant change in flow of ions.
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| Ampere: | is a unit of measure used to describe the rate of current.
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| Amplitude: | refers to the magnitude of current. Amplitude controls are often labeled intensity or voltage.
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| Anode: | used during direct current electrotherapy is the positively charged electrode that attracts negative ions.
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| Biphasic: | describes a pulse that moves in one direction, returns to baseline, then in the other direction and back to baseline again within a predetermined amount of time.
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| Burst: | is an interrupted group of pulses that are delivered in a finite series and a predetermined frequency.
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| Cathode: | used during direct current electrotherapy is the negatively charged electrode that attracts positive ions.
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| Conductance: | describes the ease at which a particular material will allow current flow.
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| Current: | describes the flow of electrons from one place to another.
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| Direct current (monophasic or Galvanic):Direct current | refers to the constant unidirectional flow of ions. The direction of the current is dependent on polarity.
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| Duty cycle: | refers to the percentage of time that electrical current is on in relation to the entire treatment time.
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| Electrical impedance: | is the resistance of a tissue to electrical current.
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| Frequency: | determines the number of pulses delivered through each channel per second. Frequency controls are often labeled rate.
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| High-volt current: | is characterized by a waveform greater than 150 volts with a short pulse duration. High-volt is intermittent and is used for deeper tissue penetration.
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| Impedance: | is the property of a substance that provides resistance to the flow of current by offering an alternate current.
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| Interpulse interval: | is the period of time of electrical inactivity between each pulse, usually expressed in microseconds or milliseconds.
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| Ion: | is a positively or negatively charged atom.
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| Low-volt current: | is characterized by a waveform of less than 150 volts and is used for neuromuscular stimulation.
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| Monophasic: | describes a pulse that has either a positive or negative polarity and moves in only one direction from a zero baseline and returns to the baseline within a predetermined amount of time.
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| Ohmʼs law: . | describes the current of an electrical circuit. There is a direct proportional relationship between current and voltage and an indirect proportional relationship between current and resistance
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| Pulse: | is one individual waveform.
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| Pulse duration: | is the amount of time that it takes to complete all phases of a single pulse (which is also termed the positive phase of the waveform). Pulse duration controls are often labeled pulse width.
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| Pulsed current (interrupted): | allows for a non-continuous flow of either alternating or direct current with periods of no electrical activity.
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| Ramp: | refers to the number of seconds it takes for the amplitude to gradually increase or decrease to the maximum value set by the amplitude control.
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| Volt: | is a unit of measure of electrical power or electromotive force.
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