Exam 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Aden/o | Gland
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| Arthr/o | joint
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| bi/o | life
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| carcin/o | cancer,canerous
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| cardi/o | heart
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| cephal/o | head
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| cerebr/o | cerebrum, largest part of the brain
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| cyst/o | urinary bladder
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| cyt/o | cell
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| derm/o dermat/o | skin
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| electr/o | electricity
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| encephal/o | brain
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| enter/o | intestines (often small)
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| erythr/o | red
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| gastr/o | stomach
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| gnos/o | knowledge
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| gynec/o | woman, female
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| hem/o hemat/o | blood
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| hepat/o | liver
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| lapar/o | abdomen
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| leuk/o | white
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| nephr/o | kidney
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| neur/o | nerve
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| onc/o | tumor
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| ophthalm/o | eye
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| oste/o | bone
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| path/o | disease
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| psych/o | mind
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| ren/o | kidney
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| rhin/o | nose
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| sarc/o | flesh
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| thromb/o | clotting
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| -algia | pain
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| -cyte | cell
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| -ectomy | cutting out; removal, excision
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| -emia | blood condition
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| -globin | protein
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| -gram | record
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| -ia | condition
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| -ic | pertaining to
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| -ism | condition, process
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| -itis | inflammation
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| -logist | specialist in the study of
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| -logy | study of
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| -oma | tumor, mass
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| -opsy | to view
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| -osis | abnormal condition
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| -scope | intsrument to visually examine
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| -scopy | process of visual examination
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| -sis | state of
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| -tomy | process of cutting into; incision
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| a-, an- | not, no
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| aut- | self
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| dia- | complete, through
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| dys- | bad, painful, difficult, abnormal
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| endo- | within
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| exo- | outside
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| hyper- | excessive, more than normal, too much
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| hypo- | below, less than normal, under
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| pro- | before, forward
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| re- | back
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| retro- | behind
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| sub- | below, under
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| trans- | across, through
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| abdomin/o | abdomen
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| anter/o | front
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| bronch/o | bronchial tubes
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| cervic/o | neck of body or neck of the uterus
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| chondr/o | cartilage
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| coccyg/o | coccyx, tailbone
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| crani/o | skull
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| epitheli/o | skin, surface tissue
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| esophag/o | esophagus
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| hepat/o | liver
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| lapar/o | abdomen
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| laryng/o | larynx (voice box)
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| later/o | side
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| lumb/o | loin (waist)
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| lymph/o | lymph
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| mediastin/o | mediastinum (space btw the lungs)
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| pelv/o | pelvis
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| peritone/o | peritoneum (membrane surrounding the abdomen)
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| pharyng/o | pharynx (throat)
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| pleur/o | pleura
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| poster/o | back, behind
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| spin/o | spine (backbone)
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| trache/o | trachea (windpipe)
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| vertebr/o | vertebra (backbone)
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| Alexian Brothers | Organized care for victims of the Black Plague in the 14th century in Germany.
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| caregiver | a role that has traditionally included those activities that assist the client physically and psychologically
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| Case Manager | a nurse who works with the multidisciplinary health care team to measure the effectiveness of the case management plan and monitor outcomes.
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| Change Agent | persons or groups who initiate change or who assist others in making modifications in themselves or in the system.
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| Clara Barton | a schoolteacher who volunteered as a nurse during the Civil War. Most notabley, she organized the American Red Cross.
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| Client | a person who engages the advicce or services of another person who is qualified to provide this service
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| Client Advocate | a person who acts to protect the client.
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| communicator | nurses identify client problems and then communicate these verballyor in writing to other members of the health team.
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| consumer | an individual, a group of people, or a community that uses a service or commodity
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| (CE) | Continuing Education
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| Continuing Education | formalized experiences designed to enlarge the knowledge or skills of practitioners
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| Counceling | the process of helping a client to recognize and cope with stressful psychologic or social problems, to develop improved improved interpersonal relationships, and to promote personal growth.
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| Demography | the study of population including statistics about distribution by age and place of residence, mortality, and morbidity.
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| (DRGs) | Diagnosis-related groups
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| Diagnosis-related groups | a Medicare payments system to hospitals and physicians that establishes fees according to diagnosis
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| Dorothea Dix | woman leader who provided nursing care duing the Civil War
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| Fabiola | a wealthy Roman matron; viewed by some as the patron saint of early nursing who used her position and wealth to establish hospitals for the sick.
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| Florence Nightingale | considered the founder of modern nursing, she was influential in developing nursing education, practice, and administration
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| Governance | the establishment and maintenance of social, political, and economic arrangements by which practitioners control their practice, self-discipline, working conditions, and professional affairs
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| Harriet Tubman | known as "the Moses of Her People" for her work with the underground Railroad; duing the Civil War she nursed the sick and suffering of her own race.
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| In-Service education | education that is designed to upgrade the knowledge
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| Knights of Saints Lazarus | an order of knights that dedicated themselves to the care of people with leprosy, syphilis, and chronic skin conditions
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| Lavinia L. Dock | a nursing leader and suffragist who was active in the protest movement for wormen's rights that resulted in the U.S. Constitution amendment allowing women to vote in 1920
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| Leader | a person who influences others to work together to accomplish a specific goal
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| Lillian Wald | founder of the Henry Street Settlement and Visiting Nurse Service, which provided nursing and social services and organized educational and cultural activities; considered the founder of public health nursing
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| Linda Richards | America's first trained nurse
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| Luther Christman | a male nurse of distinction in the U.S. A chairman of the board of AAMN
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| AAMN | American Assembly for Men in Nursing
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| Manager | one who is appointed to a position in an organization that gives the power to guide and direct the work of others
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| Margaret Higgins Sanger | Considered the founder of planned parenthood, was imprisoned for opening the first birth control information clinic in Baltimore in 1916
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| Mary Breckinridge | a nurse who practiced midwivery in England, Australia, and New Zealand; founded the Frontier Nursing Service in Kentucky in 1925 to provide family-centered primary health care to rural populations
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| Mary Mahoney | First Afrian American professional nurse
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| patient | a person who is waiting for or undergoing medical treatment and care
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| PSDA | Patient Self-Determination Act
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| patient self-detemination act | legislation requiring that every competent adult be informed in writing on admission to a health care institution about his or her rights to accept or refuse medical care and to use advance directives
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| profession | an occupation that requires extensive education or a calling that requires special knowledge, skill and preparation
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| professionalism | a set of attributes, a way of life that implies responsibility and commitment
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| Sairy Gamp | a character in the Charles Dickens book Martin Chizzlewit who represented the NEGATIVE image of nurses in the early 1800s
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| socialization | a process by which a person learns the ways of a group or society in order to become a functioning participant
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| Sojourner Truth | an abolitionist, Underground Railroad agent, preacher, and women's rights advocate, she was a nurse for more than 4 years during the Civil War and worked as a nurse and counselor for the Freedman's Relief Association after the war
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| standards of practice | descriptions of the responsibilities for which nurses are accountable
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| Standards of professional performance | as set by the American Nurses Association, describe behaviors expected in the professional nursing role
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| ANA | American Nursing Association
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| teacher | a nurse who helps clients learn about their health a nd the health care procedures they need to perform to restore or maintain their health
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| Telecommunications | the transmission of information from one site to another, using equipment to transmit information in the forms of signs, signals, words, or pictures by cable, radio, or other systems
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| Aesthetic knowing | providing care and meeting the needs of clients through creativity and style
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| Caring | intentional action that conveys physical and emotional security and genuine connectedness with another person or group of people
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| Caring practice | nursing care that includes connection, mutual recognition, and involvement
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| Empirical knowing | knowledge that comes from science; ranges from factual, observable phenomena to theoretical analysis
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| Ethical knowing | knowledge that focuses on the matters of obligation or what ought to be done
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| personal knowing | promotes wholeness and integrity in the personal encounter to achieve engagement
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| Reflection | thinking from a critical point of view, analyzing why one acted in a certain way, and assessing the results of one's actions
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| Acquired immunity | a resistance of the body to infection in which the host receives natural or artificial antibodies produced by another source
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| Active immunity | a resistance of the body to infection in which the host produces its own antibodies in response to natural or artificail antigens
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| Acute infections | those that generally appear suddenly or last a short time
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| airborne precautions | used for clients known to have or suspected of having serious illnesses transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei smaller than 5 microns
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| antibodies | immunoglobulins, part of the body's plasma proteins, defend primarily against the extracellular phases of bacterial and viral infections
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| antigen | a substance capable of inducing the formation of antibodies
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| antiseptic | an agent that inhibits the growth of some microorganisms
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| asepsis | freedom from infection or infectious material
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| autoantigen | an antigen that originates in a person's own body
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| bacteremia | bacteria in the blood
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| bacteria | the most common infection-causing microorganisms
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| bloodborne pathogens | potentially infectious organisms that are carried in and transmitted through blood or materials containing blood
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| Carrier | person or animal that harbors a specific infectious agent and serves as a potential source of infection, yet does not manifest any clinical signs of disease
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| Cell-mediated defenses Cellular immunity | Occur thru the T-cell system
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| chronic infections | infection that occurs slowly, over a very long period of time and may last months or years
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| Circulating immunity Humoral immunity | antibody-mediated defense; resides ultimately in the B lymphocytes and is mediated by the antibodies produced by B cells
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| clean | free of potentially infectious agents
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| colonization | the presence of organisms in body secretions or excretions in which strains of bacteria become resident flora but do not cause illness
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| communicable disease | a disease that can spread from one person to another
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| compromised host | any person at increased risk for an infection
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| contact percautions | used for clients known or suspected to have serious illnesses easily transmitted by direct client contact or by contact with items in the client's environment.
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| cultures | laboratory cultivations of microorganisms in a special growth medium
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| dirty | denotes the likely presence of microorganisms, some of which may be capable of causing infection
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| disease | an alteration in body function resulting in a reduction of capacities or shortening of the normal life span
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| disinfectant | agent that destroys microorganisms other than spores
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| droplet nuclei | residue of evaporated droplets emitted by an infected host, such as someone with tuberculosis, that can remain in the air for long periods of time.
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| droplet precautions | used for clients known or suspected to have serious illnesses transmitted by particle droplets larger than 5 microns
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| endogenous | developing from within
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| exogenous | developing from outside sources
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| exudate | purulent drainage
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| fungi | infection-causing microorganisms that include yeasts and molds
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| granulation tissue | young connective tissue with new capillaries formed in the wound healing process
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| HAI | Health care-associated infection
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| Health care-associated infection | Nosocomial infections that originate in any health care setting
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| iatrogenic infections | infections that are the direct result of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures
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| immune defenses specific immune defenses | immune functions directed against identifiable bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other infectious agents
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| immunity | a pecific resistance of the body to infection; it may be natural, or resistance may develop after exposure to a disease agent
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| immunoglobulins | antibodies
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| infection | the disease process produced by microorganisms
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| inflammation | local and nonspecific defensive tissue response to injury or destruction of cells
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| isolation | practices that prevent the spread of infection and communicable disease
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| Leukocytes | white blood cells
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| local infection | an infection that is limited to the specific part of the body where the microorganisms remain
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| leukocytosis | an increase in the number of white blood cells
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| medical asepsis | all practices intended to confine a specific microorganism to a specific area, limiting the number, growth, and spread of microorganisms
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| nonspecific defenses | bodily defenses that protect a person against all microorganisms, regardless of prior exposure
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| nonsocomial infections | infections that originate in a hospital
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| occupational exposure | skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with bloold or other potentiall infectious materials that may result from the performance of an employee's duties
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| opportunistic pathogen | a microorganism causing disease only in a susceptible individual
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| parasites | microorganisms that live in or on another from which it obtains nourishment
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| pathogenicity | the ability to produce disease; a pathogen is a microorganism that causes disease
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| regeneration | renewal, regrowth, the replacement of destroyed tissue cells by cells that are identical or similar in structure and function
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| reservoir | a source of microorganisms
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| resident flora | microorganisms that normally reside on the skin and mucous membranes, and inside the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts
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| respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette | calls for covering the mouth and nose when seneezing or coughing, proper disposal of tissues, and separating potentially infected persons from others by at least 1m or having them wear a surgical mask.
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| sepsis | the presence of pathogenic organisms or their toxins in the blood or body tissues
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| septicemia | occurs when bacteremia results in systemic infection
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| SP | standard precautions
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| standard precautions | the risk of caregiver exposure to client body tissues a nd fluids rather than the suspected presence or absence of infectious organisms detemines the use of clean gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection
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| sterile field | a microorganism-free area
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| sterile technique | practices that keep an area or object free of all microorganisms
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| sterilization | a process that destroys all microorganisms, including spores and viruses
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| surgical asepsis | practices that keep an area or oject free of all microorganisms; also called sterile technique
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| sytemic infection | occurs when pathogens spread and damdge different parts of the body
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| UP | Universal Precautions
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| universal precautions | techniques to be used with all clients to decrease the risk of transmitting unidentified pathogens; currently, standard precautions incorporate UP and BSI
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| vector-borne transmission | transport of an infectious agent from an animal or flying or crawling insect that serves as an intermediate means via biting or depositing feces or other materials on the skin
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| vehicle-borne transmission | transport of an infectious agent in to a susceptible host via any intermediate substance
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| virulence | ability to produce disease
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| viruses | nucleic acid-based infectious agents
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| case management | a method for delivering nursing care in which the nurse is responsible for a caseload of clients across the health care continuum
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| coinsurance | an insurance plan in which the client pays a percentage of the payment and some other group pays the remaining percentage
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| critical pathways | multidisciplinary guidelines for client care based on specific medical diagnoses designed to achieve predetermined outcomes
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| diagnosis-related groups | a medicare payments system to hospitals and physicians that establishes fees according to diagnosis
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| DRGs | Diagnosis-related groups
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| differentiated practice | a system in which the best possible use of nursing personnel is based on their educational preparation and resultant skill sets
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| health care system | the totality of services offered by all health disciplines
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| health maintenance organization | a group of health care agency that provides basic and supplemental health maintenance and treatment services to voluntary enrollees
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| HMO | Health Care Organization
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| IPAs | Independent practice associations
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| Independent practice associations | provide care in offices; clients pay a fixed prospective payment and IPA pays the provider; earning or losses are assumed by the IPA
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| IDS | Integrated Delivery System
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| integrated delivery system | a system that ncorporates acute care services, home health care, extended and skilled care facilities and outpatient services
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| licensed vocational (practical) nurse | a nurse who practices under the supervision of a registured nurse, providing basic direct technical care to clients
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| LVN/LPN | licensed vocational nurse/licensed practical nurse
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| managed care | a method of organizing care delivery that emphasizes communication and coordination of care among all health care team members
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| medicaid | a U.S. federal public assistance program paid out of general taxes and administered through the individual states to provide health care for those who require financial assistance
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| medicare | a national and state health insurance program for U.S. residents older than 65 years of age
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| patient-focused care | deliver model that brings all services and care providers to the client
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| preferred provider arrangements | similar to PPOs, but PPAs can contract with individual health care providers; the plan can be limited or unlimited.
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| PPAs | preferred provider arrangements
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| PPO | Preferred provider organization
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| preferred provider organization | a group of phusicians or a hospital that provides companies with health services at a discounted rate
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| SSI | Supplemental Security income
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| Supplemental security income | special payments for people with disabilities, those who are blind, and people who are not eligible for social security; these payments are not restricted to health care costs
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| team nursing | the delivery of individualized nursing care to clients by a team led by a professional nurse
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| asphyxiation | lack of oxygen due to interrupted breathing
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| bioterrorism | interntional attack using biological weapons such as viruses, bacteria, or other germs
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| burn | results from excessive exposure to thermal, chemical, electric, or radioactive agents
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| carbon monoxide | an odorless, colorless, tasteless gas that is very toxic
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| chemical restraints | medications used to control socially disuptive behavior
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| electric shock | occurs when through a current travels through the body to the ground rather than through electric wiring, or from static electricity that builds up on the body
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| heimlich maneuver | abdominal thrusts used to clear an obstructed airway
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| physical restraints | any manual method or physical or mechanical device, material, or equipment attached to the clients body that cannot be removed easily and that restraints the client's movements
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| restraints | protective devices used to limit physcial activity of the client of a part of the body
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| safety monitoring devices | an electronic sensor or monitor that detects wehn clients are attempting to get out of a bed or chair and triggers an alarm
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| scald | a burn from a hot liquid or vapor, such as a steam
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| seizure | a sudden onset of excessive electrical discharges in one or more area of the brain
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| seizure precautions | safety measures taken to protect clients from injury should they have a seizure
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| attentive listening | listening actively, using all senses, as oposed to listening passively with just the ear
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| boundaries | limits in which a person may act or refrain from acting within a designeated time or place
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| bullying | offensive abusive, intimidating, insulting behavior or abuse of power...which makes the recipient feel upset, threatened, humiliated, or vulnerable, which undermines their self-confidence and may cause them to suffer stress
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| communication | a two-way process involving the sending and receiving of messages
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| congruent communication | the verbal and nonverbal aspects of the message match
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| decode | to relate the message perceived to the receiver's storehouse of knowledge and experience and to sort out the meaning of the message
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| elderspeak | speech style similar to babytalk; gives the message of dependnce and incompetence to older adults
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| electronic communication | communication involving computers and technology
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| the most comon form of electronic communication
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| emotional intelligence | the ability to form work relationships with colleagues, display maturity in a variety of situations, and resolve conflicts while taking into consideration the emotions of others
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| empathy | the ability to discriminate what the other person's world is like and to communicate to the other this understanding in a way that shows that the helper understands teh client's feelings and the behavior and experience underlying these feelings
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| encoding | involves the selection of specific signs or symbols to transmit the message, such as which language and words to use, how to arrange the words, and what tone of voice and gestures to use
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| feedback | the response or message that the receiver returns to the sender duing communication
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| group | two or more people with shared purposes and goals
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| group dynamics | forces that determine the behavior of the group and the relationships among the group members
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| helpiing relationships | the nurse-client relationship
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| incivility | rude, discourteous, or disrespectful behavior that relects a lack of regard for others
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| lateral violence horizontal violence/hostility | terms that describe pgysical, verbal, or emotional abuse or aggression directed at RN coworkers at the same organizational level
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|
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| nonverbal communicaion | communication other than words including gestures, posture, and facial expressions
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|
||||
| personal space | the distance people prefer in interactions with others
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|
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| process recording | the verbatim (word for word) account of a conversation
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|
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| proxemics | the study of distance between people in their interactions
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|
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| territoriality | a concept of the space and things that indiduals cosider their own
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|
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| therapeutic communication | an interactive process between nurse and client that helps the client overcome temporary stress, to get along with other people, to adjust to the unalterable, and to overcome psychologic blocks that stand in the way of self-realization
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| verbal communication | use of verbal language to send and receive messages
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|
||||
| accountability | the ability and willingness to assume responsibility for one's actions and to accept the consequencesof one's behavior
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|
||||
| authoritarian leader | the individual who makes decisions for the group
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|
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| authority | the power given by an organization to direct the work of others; the right to act
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|
||||
| autocratic leader | Same as authoritian leader
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|
||||
| Bureaucratic leader | does not trust self or others to make decisions and instead relies on the organization's rules, policies, and procedures to direct the group's work efforts
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|
||||
| change | process of making something different from what it is
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|
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| charismatic leader | characterized by an emotional relationship between the leader and the group members; personality of the leader evokes strong feelings of commitment to both the leader and the leader's cause and beliefs
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|
||||
| coordinating | the process of ensuring that plans are carried out and evaluating outcomes
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|
||||
| delegation | transference of responsibility and authority for an activity to a compete
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|
||||
| democratic leader | encourages group discussion and decision making
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|
||||
| directing | a management function that involves communicating the task to be completedand providing guidance and supervision
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|
||||
| effectiveness | a measure of the quality or quantity of services provided
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|
||||
| efficiency | a measure of the resources used in the provision of nuring services
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|
||||
| first-level manager | a manager responsible for managing the work of nonmangerial personnel and the day-to-day activities of a specific work group or groups
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|
||||
| Formal leader | an appointed leader selected by an organization and given official authority to make decisions and act
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|
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| influence | an informal strategy used to gain the cooperation of others without exercising formal authority
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|
||||
| informal leader | an individual selected by the group as its leader because of seniority, age, special abilities or charisma
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|
||||
| laissez-faire leader nondirective, permissive | recognizes the group's need for autonomy and self-regulation
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|
||||
| leader | a person who influences others to work together to accomplish a specific goal
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|
||||
| leadership style | describes traits, behaviours, motivations, and choices used by indibiduals to effectively influence others
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|
||||
| manager | one who is appointed to a position in an organization that gives the power to guide and direct the work of others
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|
||||
| mentors | a person who serves as an experienced guide, adviser, or advocate and assumes responsibility for promoting the growth and professional advancement of a less experienced individual
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|
||||
| middle-level manager | a manager that supervises a number of first-level managers and is responsible for the activities in the departments supervised
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|
||||
| networking | a process by which people develop linkages throughout the profession to communicate, share ideas and information, and offer support and direction to each other
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|
||||
| organizing | determining responsibilities, communication experctations, and establishing the chain of command for authority and communication
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|
||||
| permissive leader | same as laissez-faire leader
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|
||||
| planned change | an intended,
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|
||||
| planning | an ongoing process that involves:assessing a situation;establishing goals and objecties based on assessment of a situationor future trends;and developing a plan of action that identifies priorities, delineates who is responsible, determines deadlines, and
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|
||||
| preceptor | an experienced nurse who assists the novice nurse in improving nursing skill and judgment
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|
||||
| productivity | in health care, frequently measured by the amount of nrsing resources used per client or in terms of required versus actual hours of care provided
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|
||||
| responsibility | the specific accountablity or liability associated with the performance of duties of a particular role
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|
||||
| risk management | having in place a system to reduce danger to clients and staff
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|
||||
| role model | providing an example of acceptable behaviors through demonstration
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|
||||
| shared governance | a method that aims to distribute decision making among a group of people
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|
||||
| shared leadership | a contemporary theory of leadership that recognizes the leadership capabilities of each member in a professional group and assumes that appropriate leadership will emerge in relation to the challenges that confront the group
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|
||||
| situational leader | adapts sytle according to consideration of the staff members' abilities, knowledge of the nature of the task to be done, and sensitivity to the context or environment in which the task takes place
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|
||||
| top-level managers | organizational executive primarily responsible for establishing goals and developing strategic plans
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|
||||
| Transactional leader | a contemporary theory of leadership in which resources are exchanged as an incentive for loyalty and performance
🗑
|
||||
| transformational leader | leader who fosters creativity, risk taking, commitment, and collaboration by empowering the group to share in the organization's vision
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|
||||
| unplanned change | haphazard change that occurs without control by any person or group
🗑
|
||||
| upper-level managers | organizational executives who are primarily responsible for establishing goals and developing strategic plans
🗑
|
||||
| vision | the mental image of a possible and desirable future state
🗑
|
||||
| alopecia | the loss of scalp hair (baldness) or body hair
🗑
|
||||
| apocrine glands | sweat glands located largely in the axillae and anogenital areas; they begin to function at puberty under the nfluence of androgens
🗑
|
||||
| bactericidal | bacteria-killing action
🗑
|
||||
| callus | a thickened portion of the skin
🗑
|
||||
| cerumen | earwax
🗑
|
||||
| cleansing baths | a bath given for hygienic purposes
🗑
|
||||
| corn | a conical, circular, painful, raised area on the toe or foot
🗑
|
||||
| cross contamination | the movement of microorganisms from one client to another
🗑
|
||||
| dandruff | a diffuse scaling of the scalp, often accompanied by itching
🗑
|
||||
| dental caries | tooth decay
🗑
|
||||
| eccrine glands | glands that produce sweat; found over most of the body
🗑
|
||||
| fissures | deep grooves that occur as a result of dryness and cracking of the skin
🗑
|
||||
| gingiva | of or relating to the gums
🗑
|
||||
| gingivitis | red, swollen gingiva
🗑
|
||||
| hirsutism | the growth of excessive body hair
🗑
|
||||
| hygiene | the science of health and its maintenance
🗑
|
||||
| ingrown toenail | the growing inward of the nail into the soft tissues aroun it, most often results from improper nail trimming
🗑
|
||||
| lanugo | the fine, wooly hair or down on the shoulders, back, sacrum, and earlobes of the unborn child that may remain for a few weeks after birth
🗑
|
||||
| pediculosis | (lice) infestation with head lice
🗑
|
||||
| periodontal disease | disorder of the supporting structures of the teeth
🗑
|
||||
| plantar warts | a wart on the sole of the foot
🗑
|
||||
| plaque | an invisable soft film consisteing of bacteria, molecules of saliva and remnants of epithelial cells and leukocytes that adheres to teh enamel surface of teeth
🗑
|
||||
| pyorrhea | advanced periodontal disease in which teeth are loose and pus is evident when the gums are pressed
🗑
|
||||
| sebum | the oily, lubrication secretion of sebaceous glands in the skin
🗑
|
||||
| scabies | a contagious skin infestation by the itch mite that produces intense itching, especially at night
🗑
|
||||
| sudoriferous glands | sweat glands of the dermis that secrete sweat
🗑
|
||||
| sweat glands | same as sudoriferous glands
🗑
|
||||
| tartar | a visible, hard deposit of plaque and dead bacteria that forms at the gum lines
🗑
|
||||
| therapeutic baths | a bath given for physical effects, such as to soothe irritated skin or to promote healing of an area, tow common types are the sitz bath and the medicated bath
🗑
|
||||
| ticks | small, gray-brown parasites that bite into tissue and suck blood and transmit serveral diseases to people, in particular Rock Mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease, and tularemia
🗑
|
||||
| tinea pedis | athlete's foot (ringworm of the foot), which is caused by a fungus
🗑
|
||||
| xerostomia | dry mouth as a result of a reduced supply of saliva
🗑
|
||||
| atelectasis | collapse of the aiara sacs
🗑
|
||||
| circulating nurse | coordinates activities and manages client care by continually assessing client safety, aseptic practice, and the environment with the scrub nurse, is responsible for accounting for all sponges, needles, and instruments at the close of surgery
🗑
|
||||
| closed-wound drainage system | consists of a drain connected to either an electric suction or a portable drainage suction
🗑
|
||||
| conscious sedation | a minimal depression of level of consciousness during which the client retains the ability to consciously maintain a patent airway and respond appropriately to verbal and physical stimuli
🗑
|
||||
| elective surgery | performed when sugical intervention is the preferred treatment for a condition that is not imminently life threatening or to improve the clients life
🗑
|
||||
| emboli embolus (singular) | a blood clot that has moved from its place of origin and is causing obstruction to circulation elsewhere
🗑
|
||||
| emergency surgery | surgery that is performed immediately to perserve function or the life of the client
🗑
|
||||
| epidural anesthesia | an injection of an anesthetic agent into the epidural space
🗑
|
||||
| general anesthesi | the induced loss of all sensation and consciousness
🗑
|
||||
| intraoperative phase | the phase of surgery that begins when the client is transferred to the operating room and ends when the client is admitted to the postanesthesia care unit
🗑
|
||||
| local anesthesia | an anesthetic agent used for minor surgical procedures that is injected into a specfic area
🗑
|
||||
| major surgery | surgery that involves a high degree of risk for a variety of reasons; it may be complicated or prolonged; large losses of blood may occur; vital organs may be involved; postoperative complications may occur
🗑
|
||||
| minor surgery | surgery that involves little risk, produces few complications, and is often performed in a "day surgery" facility
🗑
|
||||
| nerve block | chemical interruption of a nerve pathway effected by injecting a local anesthetic
🗑
|
||||
| penrose drain | a flat, this, rubber tube inserted into a wound to allow for fluid to flow from the wound; it has an open end that drains onto a dressing
🗑
|
||||
| peridural anesthesia | same as epidural snesthesia
🗑
|
||||
| perioperative period | refers to the 3 phases of surgery: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative
🗑
|
||||
| postoperative phase | the period of surgery that begins with the admission of teh client to the postanesthesia area and ends when healing is complete
🗑
|
||||
| preoperative phase | the period of surgery that begins when the decision for surgery has been made and ends when the client is transferred to the operation room bed
🗑
|
||||
| regional anesthesia | temporary interruption of the transmission of nerve impulses to and from a specific are or region of the body; the client loses sensation in an area of the body but remains conscious
🗑
|
||||
| scrub person | usually UAP but can be RN or LPN; assists the surgeons by draping the client with sterile drapes and handling sterile instruments and supplies; with the circulating nurse, is responsible for accounting for all sponges, needles, and instruments at closing
🗑
|
||||
| spinal anesthesia | anesthesia produced by injecting an anesthetic agent into the subarachnoid space surrounding the spinal cord; aka subarachnoid block (SAB)
🗑
|
||||
| subarachnoid block | same as spinal anesthesia
🗑
|
||||
| SAB | subarachnoid block
🗑
|
||||
| surface anesthesia | same as topical anesthesia
🗑
|
||||
| suture | a thread used to sew body tissues together
🗑
|
||||
| thrombophiebitis | inflammation of a vein followed by formation of a blood clot
🗑
|
||||
| thrombus thrombi (plural) | a solid mass of blood constituents in the circulatory system; a clot.
🗑
|
||||
| tissue perfusion | passage of fluid through a specific organ or body part
🗑
|
||||
| topical anesthesia | applied directly to the skin and mucous membranes, open skin surfaces, wounds, and burns
🗑
|
||||
| afebrile | absence of a fever
🗑
|
||||
| apical pulse | a central pulse located at the apex of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| apical-radial pulse | measurement of the apical and radial pulse simultaneously
🗑
|
||||
| apnea | a complete absence of respriations
🗑
|
||||
| arrhythmia | an irregular heart rythm
🗑
|
||||
| arterial blood pressure | the measure of the pressure exerted by the blood as it pulsates through the arteries
🗑
|
||||
| arteriosclerosis | a condition in which the elastic and muscular tissues of the arteries are replaced with fibrous tissue
🗑
|
||||
| auscultatory gap | the temporary disappearance of sounds normally heard over the brachial artery when the sphygmomanometer cuff pressure is high, followed by the reappearance of sounds at a lower level
🗑
|
||||
| basal metabolic rate | the rate of energy utilization in the body required to maintain essential activities such as breathing
🗑
|
||||
| BMR | basal metabolic rate
🗑
|
||||
| body temperature | the balance between the heat produced by the body and the heat lost from the body
🗑
|
||||
| bradycardia | abnormally slow pulse rate, less than 60 beats per minute
🗑
|
||||
| bradypnea | abnormally slow respiratory rate, usually less than 10 respirations per minute
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac output (CO) | the amount of blood ejected by the heart with each venticular contraction
🗑
|
||||
| compliance | the extent to which an individual's behavior coincides with medical or health advice
🗑
|
||||
| conduction | the transfer of heat from one molecule to another in direct contact
🗑
|
||||
| constant fever | a state in which the body temperature fluctuates minimally but always remains abouve normal
🗑
|
||||
| convection | the dispersion of heat by air currents
🗑
|
||||
| core temperature | the temperature of the deep tissues of the body. when measured orally, the average body temperature of an adult is between 36.7 C and 37 C (98 F and 98.6F)
🗑
|
||||
| costal (thoracic) breathing | movement of the chest upward and outward
🗑
|
||||
| Diaphragmatic (abdominal) breathing | breathing that involves the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, as observed by the movement of the abdomen
🗑
|
||||
| diastolic pressure | the pressure of teh blood against the arterial walls when the ventricles of the heart are at rest
🗑
|
||||
| dysrhythmia | a pulse with an irregular rhythm
🗑
|
||||
| evaporation | continuous vaporization of moisture from the respiratory tract and from the mucosa of the mouth and from the skin
🗑
|
||||
| exhalation (expiration) | breathing out, or the movement of gase from the lungs to the atmosphere
🗑
|
||||
| expiration (exhalation) | the outflow of air from the lungs to the atmosphere
🗑
|
||||
| febrile | pertaining to a fever; feverish
🗑
|
||||
| fever | elevated body temperature
🗑
|
||||
| fever spike | a temperature that rises to fever level rapidly following a normal temperature and then returns to normal within a few hours
🗑
|
||||
| heat balance | the state a person is in when the amount of heat produced by the body exactly equals the amount of heat lost
🗑
|
||||
| heat exhaustion | condition that is the result of excessive heat and dehydration
🗑
|
||||
| heat stroke | life-threatening condition with body temperature greater than 106F
🗑
|
||||
| hematocrit | the proportion of red blood cells to the total blood volume
🗑
|
||||
| hyperpyrexia | an extremely high body temperature
🗑
|
||||
| hypertension | an abnormally high blood pressure; over 140mmHg systolic and/or 90 mmHg diastolic
🗑
|
||||
| hyperthermia | a body temperature above the usual range.
🗑
|
||||
| hyperventilation | very deep, rapid respirations
🗑
|
||||
| hypotension | an abnormally low blood pressure; less than 100mmHg systolic in an adult
🗑
|
||||
| hypothermia | a core body temperature below the lower limit of normal
🗑
|
||||
| hypoventilation | very shallow respirations
🗑
|
||||
| inhalation | the intake of air into the lungs
🗑
|
||||
| insensible heat loss | heat loss that occurs from evaporation of moisture from the repiratory tract, mucosa of the mouth and the skin
🗑
|
||||
| insensible water loss | continuous and unnoticed water loss
🗑
|
||||
| inspiration | same as inhalation
🗑
|
||||
| intermittent fever | a body temperature that alternates at regular intervals between periods of fever and periods of normal or subnormal temperatures
🗑
|
||||
| korotkoff's sounds | the five phases of blood pressure sounds
🗑
|
||||
| orthostatic hypotension | decrease in blood pressure related to positional or postural changes from lying to sitting or standing posisitons
🗑
|
||||
| oxygen saturation | the percent of all hemoglobin binding sites that are occupied by ocygen
🗑
|
||||
| peripheral pulse | a pulse located in the periphery of the body (foot, hand, or neck)
🗑
|
||||
| point of maximal impulse | the point where the apex of the heart touches the anterior chest wall and heart movements are most easily observed and palpated
🗑
|
||||
| PMI | point of maximal impulse
🗑
|
||||
| pulse | the wave of blood within an artery that is created by contraction of the left ventricle of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| pulse deficit | the difference between the apical pulse and the radial pulse
🗑
|
||||
| pulse oximeter | a noninvasive device that measures the arterial blood oxygen saturation by means of a sensor attached to the finger or other location
🗑
|
||||
| pulse pressure | the difference between the systolic and the diastolic blood pressure
🗑
|
||||
| pulse rhythm | the pattern of the beats and intervals between the beats
🗑
|
||||
| pulse volume | the strength or amplitude of teh pulse, the force of blood exerted with each heart beat
🗑
|
||||
| pyrexia | a body temperature above the normal range; fever
🗑
|
||||
| radiation | the transfer of heat from the surface of one object to the surface of another without contact between teh two objects
🗑
|
||||
| relapsing fever | the occurrence of short febrile periods of a few days interspersed with periods of 1 or 2 days of normal temperature
🗑
|
||||
| remittent fever | the occurrence of a wide range of temperature fluctuations, more than 2C over the 24-hour period, all of which are above normal
🗑
|
||||
| respiration | the act of breathing; includes the intake of oxygen and the output of carbon dioxide from the cells to the atmosphere
🗑
|
||||
| respiratory character | same as respiratory quality
🗑
|
||||
| respiratory quality | refers to those aspects of breathing that are diffferent from normal, eddortless breathing, includes the amount fo effort exerted to breathe and teh sounds produced by breathing
🗑
|
||||
| respiratory rhythm | refers to the regularity of the expirations and the inspirations
🗑
|
||||
| sphygmomanometer | indicates the pressure of the air within the bladder
🗑
|
||||
| surface temperature | the temperature of tissue, the subvutaneous tissue, and fat
🗑
|
||||
| systolic pressure | the pressure of the blood against the arterial walls when the ventricles of the heart contract
🗑
|
||||
| tachycardia | an abnormally rapid pulse rate; greater than 100 beats per minute
🗑
|
||||
| tachypnea | abnormally fast respirations; usually more than 24 respirations per minute
🗑
|
||||
| tidal volume | the volume of air that is normally inhaled and exhaled
🗑
|
||||
| ventilation | the movement of air in and out of the lungs; the process of inhalation and exhalation
🗑
|
||||
| vital signs | body temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure. Many agencies have designated pain as the fifth vital sign
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
Ryann.Snipes.0909
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