Aldehydes, Ketones, Organic Acids, and Esters
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| Aldehydes are prepared by the oxidation of a | primary alcohol
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| an organic group containing one or more -CHO groups | aldehyde
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| What is the functional group for the aldehydes? | carbonyl group (-CHO)
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| general formula for the aldehydes | R-CHO
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| where is the functional group located on the carbon chain for the aldehydes? | at the end of the carbon chain
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| methyl alcohol oxidizes to form | formaldehyde
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| the molecular formula for formaldehyde | HCHO
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| another name for formaldehyde | methanal
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| a three-carbon chain aldehyde would be called | propanal
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| formaldehyde in water is known as | formalin
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| formalin is what percentage aqueous solution of formaldehyde by weight? | 37%
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| formalin is what percentage aqueous solution of formaldehyde by volume? | 40%
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| formed by the oxidation of ethanol, a two carbon chain aldehyde | acetaldehyde
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| another name for acetaldehyde | ethanal
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| a benzene derivative in which one of the hydrogens in the ring is replaced with an aldehyde group | benzaldehyde
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| benzaldehyde is known as an | aromatic aldehyde
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| an aldehyde with two aldehyde group (having a carbonyl group at each end of the carbon chain) | dialdehydes
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| the simplest dialdehyde is | glyoxal
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| two examples of dialdehydes | glyoxal and glutaraldehyde
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| the oxidation of a secondary alcohol yields a | ketone
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| the general formula for a ketone is | RCOR
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| a ketone has two ____ groups attached to a ___ group | two alkyl groups attached to a carbonyl group
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| the simplest ketone is | propanone
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| propanone is also known as (2) | acetone, dimethyl ketone
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| the general formula for carboxylic acids | R-COOH
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| the functional group in a carboxylic acid is known as a | carboxyl group
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| two examples of carboxylic acids | methanoic acid, ethanoic acid
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| another name for methanoic acid | formic acid
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| another name for ethanoic acid | acetic acid
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| _____ oxidize for form organic acids | aldehydes
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| _____ oxidizes to form formic acid (also means _____ oxidizes to form ____ acid) | formaldehyde (methanal, methanoic)
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| _____ oxidizes to form acetic acid (also means ____ oxidizes to form ____ acid) | acetaldehyde (ethanal, ethanoic)
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| general formula for esters | R-COO-R
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| two examples of esters | ethyl acetate, methyl salicylate
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| a colorless liquid that has a characteristic smell like certain glues or nail polish removers | ethyl acetate
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| ethyl acetate is derived from ____ and _____ | ethanol and acetic acid
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| known as oil of wintergreen, a natural product of many species of plants | methyl salicylate
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| methyl salicylate is derived from _____ and _____ | methanol and salicylic acid
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| derived from an alcohol and an organic acid | esters
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