neuro7 CN testing
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| The cranial nerves refer to | twelve pairs of nerves that have their origin in the brain.
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| The majority of cranial nerves | contain both sensory and motor fibers, however, there are several exceptions.
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| lesions affecting the cranial nerves produce | specific and predictable alterations, it is often prudent to perform cranial nerve testing as part of a neurological examination..
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| CN 1 olfactory | patient is sitting with the eyes closed or blindfolded. therapist places an item with a familiar odor under the patient's nostril and the patient is asked to identify the odor. A positive test may be indicated by an inability to identify familiar odors.
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| Cranial Nerve II – Optic | The patient is standing at chart or diagram. The therapist asks the patient to identify objects or read selected items from the chart or diagram. A positive test may be indicated by an inability to identify objects at a reasonable distance.
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| Cranial Nerve III – Oculomotor | asked to follow an object such as a writing utensil with their eyes as it is moved vertically, horizontally, and diagonally. . A positive test is indicated by an identified tracking deficit, asymmetry or ptosis.
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| Cranial Nerve IV – Trochlear | pt asked to follow an object such as a writing utensil with their eyes as it is moved in an inferior direction. A positive test results by an inability to depress the eyes and/or complaints of diplopia.
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| Cranial Nerve V – Trigeminal sensory | pt close their eyes. The therapist uses a piece of cotton and a safety pin to alternately touch the patient's face. The patient is asked to classify each contact with the face as sharp or dull inability to differentiate between sharp or dull is a positive
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| Cranial Nerve V – Trigeminal motor component . | is tested by asking the patient to perform mandibular protrusion, retrusion, and lateral deviation. A positive test may be indicated by an impaired ability to move the mandible through the specified motions
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| Cranial Nerve VI – Abducens | The patient is positioned in sitting. The therapist asks the patient to abduct their eyes without rotating the head. A positive test is indicated by an inability to abduct the eyes.
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| Cranial Nerve VII – Facial sensory | The patient is sitting and asked to distinguish between sweet and salty substances placed on the anterior portion of the tongue. A positive test for the sensory component may be identified by an inability to accurately identify sweet and salty substances.
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| Cranial Nerve VII – Facial motor component is tested by performing | a manual muscle test of selected muscles involved in facial expression. A positive test for the motor component may be indicated by an inability to mimic selected facial expressions due to muscle impairment.
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| Cranial Nerve VIII – Vestibulocochlear | patient sitting in a quiet location. The therapist, positioned behind the patient and to one side,. The therapist records the distance from the ear when the patient is able to identify the ticking sound.
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| Cranial Nerve IX – Glossopharyngeal motor patient sitting. | The therapist touches the pharynx with a tongue depressor. A positive test may be indicated by lack of gagging or an inability to feel the tongue depressor touch the back of the throat.
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| Cranial Nerve IX – Glossopharyngeal sensory component is tested by | assessing the patient's ability to distinguish objects by taste after they are placed on the posterior portion of the tongue. inability to accurately identify tasted substances, especially sour and bitter substances, is a +
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| Cranial Nerve X – Vagus. | The therapist touches the pharynx with a tongue depressor. A positive test may be indicated by a lack of gagging or an inability to feel the tongue depressor touch the back of the throat. If the gag reflex is absent
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| Cranial Nerve XI – Accessory The therapist asks the patient to | shrug their shoulders and maintain the position while the therapist applies resistance through the shoulders in the direction of shoulder depression. A positive test may be indicated by an inability to maintain the test position against resistance.
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| Cranial Nerve XII – Hypoglossal The patient is positioned in sitting. | The therapist asks the patient to protrude the tongue. A positive test may be indicated by an inability to fully protrude the tongue or the tongue deviating to one side during protrusion.
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