History of Jazz
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| ____________ was the most prolific ragtime composer. | show 🗑
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| Robert Johnson, wrote and performed songs representative of ____________ | show 🗑
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| show | Guitar
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| show | City blues
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| The essence of the early jazz instrumental combo sound is _________ | show 🗑
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| True or False: New Orleans instrumental bands usually have a tuba, banjo, trumpet, clarinet, guitar and a tenor saxophone. | show 🗑
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| Trumperter Joe "King" Oliver led an all-star New Orleans group in Chicago called the ___________ | show 🗑
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| In 1917, the first instrumental jazz recording was released by _______________ | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| True or False: Storyville was an area within the city of New Orleans where many people wrote books about early jazz music. | show 🗑
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| show | Buddy Bolden
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| True or False: Scott Joplin was an important figrue in jazz not only because he was a great and inflential trumpet player, but also because he mentored Louis Armstrong early in his career. | show 🗑
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| In the early days of Ratime, performances were preserved on _________ | show 🗑
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| The stongest rhythm instrument in New Orleans early jazz groups was the _________ | show 🗑
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| Cutting contests were ... | show 🗑
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| List the "horn" section of a standard "New Orleans style" instrumental jazz band (early jazz combo) | show 🗑
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| show | Piano, Drums, Banjo, Tuba
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| True or False: Jazz emerged as a true musical form around the beginning of the 20th century in the southern United States. | show 🗑
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| show | Strophic
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| show | Field hollers, work songs
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| True or False: The majority of the instruments used in jazz music originated in Africa. | show 🗑
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| show | The cakewalk
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| African Americans transformed European hymns and composed religious folk songs called _____________ | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| In America, beginning in the 1700s, the English _________ was a very popular type of song that featured melodies designed to be simple and eary to remember. | show 🗑
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| An important element of Africa's musical tradition is the ___________, where all people who are present at a musical gathering are active participants, not just listeners. | show 🗑
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| True or False: The English Protestant slave owners were very open-minded, relaxed, and tolerant with their slaves and left them relatively free to continue their musical practices and native rituals. | show 🗑
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| The __________ and ____________ were European-American couple dances of the 19th century. | show 🗑
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| True or False: African slaves that were sent to Latin America slave ports in the Caribbean and South American found that the Spanish/Port music that existed there was similar in many ways to their native African music. | show 🗑
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| One of the significant contributions to jazz that came from Africa was __________, which is the aspect of more than two different rhythms occurring at the same time. | show 🗑
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| show | Brass band
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| show | Chorus
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| True or False: Early pre-blues style music featured extremely religious songs that were notated on sheet music, and performed by hightly trained musicians. | show 🗑
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| show | Minstrel shows
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| show | Riffs
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| show | French
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| show | Instruments, Military Marches, Church Hymns, Folk Songs/Dance, Classical Compositions
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| Minstrel shows used a type of ________ to accompany songs and dances. | show 🗑
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| True or False: Military "brass band" concerts were a popular form of entertainment during the post-civil war era. | show 🗑
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| show | Habanera ryhythm
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| The most popular American songwriter of the 19th centruy was _________, who wrote the lyrics and music to over 200 songs. | show 🗑
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| During the Civil War era, slaves in _____________ had a field area called Congo Square in which they were allowed time on Sundays to dance and sing more freely than they could on the plantations. | show 🗑
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| True or False: Native African music favors vocal growling, buzzing tones, and low-pitched sounds. | show 🗑
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| show | pitch
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| Musicians refer to specific pitches or tones with letter names, using the letters ________ of the alphabet. | show 🗑
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| A sharp in front of a note means that note is ________ in pitch. | show 🗑
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| True or False: The characteristic tone qualtiy of a sound is determined by the voice or instrument which produces it. | show 🗑
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| Rhythm is usally organized into smaller units, each having consistent number of beats. Each of these units is called a bar or a _______ | show 🗑
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| The rate of speed of a musical composition is its ________ | show 🗑
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| show | Chord
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| The musical term referring to the distance between two pitches is _______ | show 🗑
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| The term ________, refers to the level of loudness or softness that occur in a musical composition. | show 🗑
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| _________ is a term used to describe the tone color or tone quality of a voice or instrument. | show 🗑
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| Many traditional popular songs, as well as jazz pieces featuring improvisation, use the 32-bar structure of _________ | show 🗑
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| show | syncopation
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| show | Bridge
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| __________, is to compose and perform at the same time. | show 🗑
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| ________ is a colorful and sometimes displeasing sound created by utilizing notes with clash. | show 🗑
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| Jazz, blues and rock tunes often employ a short, fragmented, and repeated melody called a ______ | show 🗑
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| True or False: One complete playing-through of the form of a piece, used as the basic framework for improvised solos, is called a chorus. | show 🗑
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| show | Woodwind
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| An emphasized note or chord that is played louder to make it stand out from other notes or chords is called an _________ | show 🗑
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| A standard blues form is ______ measures long. | show 🗑
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| Blue notes are made by ... | show 🗑
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| show | Crescendo
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| True or False: In order to classify a performance as being "jazz", improvisation and a swing feel need to be present. | show 🗑
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| A written melody forms a linear pattern on the staff called the _______ | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| True or False: New Orleans was the ideal site for the birth of jazz because it was an intensely musical city with a history of rich ethnic diversity. | show 🗑
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| True or False: James P. Johnson was the leader of an all-star band called the Red Hot Peppers. | show 🗑
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| show | Jelly Roll Morton
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| show | Sidney Bechet
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| _______ is generally considered the "father" of the stride piano style. | show 🗑
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| Stride pianist ________ was one of the most popular song writers and entertainers of the 1920s and 1930s. | show 🗑
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| True or False: Because of their versatility, stride style pianists were often used to accompany vocalists. | show 🗑
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| show | Earl Hines
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| Between 1924 and 1930, ________ and the Hot Five and the Hot Seven recorded some of the most innovative and influential early jazz music. | show 🗑
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| show | False. The guitar replace the banjo.
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| A solo break is when... | show 🗑
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| show | Duke Ellington
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| ________ became very important during the swing era, because big utilized many more musicians than an early jazz combo and did not focus on collective improvision. | show 🗑
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| show | False. There was rarely a string section in the group
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| _______, often called the "Father of Jazz", performed early jazz music most of his career and became famous as an international personality and "musical ambassador". | show 🗑
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| show | False. The early jazz combo is broken up into the rhythm section and the horn section.
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| Born and raised in Iowa, trumpeter _________ became an influential soloist despite his short career. He is often regared as the the first 'true' white jazz artist. | show 🗑
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| __________ and _________ replaced the clarinet and tuba from early jazz groups, during the swing era. | show 🗑
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| show | Scat singing
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| Stop-time is when.... | show 🗑
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| Pianist and big band leader, ___________ is one of the most important figures in jazz history due to his prolific and innovative compositions and arrangements. | show 🗑
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| show | False. Benny Goodman was the "King of Swing"
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| Clarinetist __________ was the leader of the most popular "jazz oriented" big band throughout the 1930s and 40s. | show 🗑
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| A _________ is a loud, climatic section of a big band arrangement in which the horn sections combine and exchange melodies and themes. | show 🗑
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| New York pianist and band leader _______ was known more for his arranging, and credited with infusing "black jazz" into "white popular music" during the swing era. | show 🗑
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| show | Benny Goodman Orch.
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| show | False
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| The most popular style in jazz history was ______ | show 🗑
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| Many traditional popular songs, as well as jazz featuring improvisions, use the 32-bar structure of ________ | show 🗑
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| show | Dissonance
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| show | Riff
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| _________ is a musical direction for all sections of a band to play together, whether in unison or harmony. | show 🗑
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| show | Chorus
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| show | Shout chorus
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| _________ is the rapid fluctuation in pitch that gives intensity and warmth to a sustained tone. | show 🗑
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| show | Blues form
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| __________ is to compose and perform at the same time. | show 🗑
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| A rhythmic pattern played by the rhythmic section, in which they emphasize only the first and third beats of each measure is called a ________ | show 🗑
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| show | Swing
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| show | Chord progression
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| The portion of a piece (usually near the end of a chorus) in which all band members stop playing for only one or two bars, except for the soloist, is called a ________ | show 🗑
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| _________ is the term for the individual, unique sound or tone color of an instrument or voice. | show 🗑
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| Music often has a pulse. The unit of pulse is called a ______ | show 🗑
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| show | Jelly Roll Morton
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| Midwestern trumpeter recognized today as one of the first important white jazz artists, despite his very short life. | show 🗑
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| Pioneering pre-jazz pianist known for being the most famous and prolific composer of ragtime music. | show 🗑
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| show | Louis Armstrong
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| Early jazz group that was organized in Chicago and consisted of five white New Orleans musicians. They were the first group in history to record instrumental jazz. | show 🗑
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| Early jazz clarinetist who was one of the first reed players to utilize the soprano saxophone. He was noted for his foreful playing and pronounced vibrato. | show 🗑
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| show | Earl Hines
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| Pre-jazz trumpet player who was the most popular New Orleans musician by 1900 and an influence on later trumpeters, but by 1906 he slowly going insane and was committed to a mental institute for the rest of his life. | show 🗑
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| Popular stride style pianist equally well known as a song writer and entertainer. He wrote many popular and novelty songs as well as collaborating in writing music for many Broadway shows. | show 🗑
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| show | Bessie Smith
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| Innovative early jazz pianist from the East coast, often referred to as the "Father of Stride Piano". | show 🗑
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| New Orleans trumpet star and bandleader who moved to Chicago in 1918 and led an all-star band called the Creole Jazz Band. | show 🗑
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