Introductory Chemistry by Zumdahl CHM 1025 VCC
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Element symbols | Abbreviation for the chemical elements
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| Law of constant composition | A given compound always contains elements in exactly the same proportion by mass.
A compound is always organized in the same way by mass.
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| Dalton's atomic theory | 1. Elements are made up of atoms.
2. All atoms for an element are identical (same properties).
3. Compounds: atoms from different elements combined. They always have the same # and types of atoms
4. Atoms are indivisible in chemical processes.
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| Compound | Substance composed of the atoms of 2 or more elements
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| Chemical Formula | The types and how many atoms are present in a molecule
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| Electrons | Negatively charged particles found in an atom. Smaller than neutrons and protons. -1
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| Nuclear atom | An atom with dense center of positive charge (nucleus) that is surrounded by electrons.- Rutherford
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| Nucleus | Dense center of positive charge (protons and neutrons).
Center of an atom.
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| Proton | Positively charged particle. +1
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| Neutron | Bigger than a proton (no charge)
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| Isotopes | atoms w the same # of protons but different numbers of neutrons (different mass). Ex Carbon-14
14/6 C
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| Atomic Number | The # of protons in a nucleus. Z
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| Mass Number | Neutrons + protons. A
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| Periodic table | Shows all the known elements and gives information about them.
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| Groups | Families of elements with similar chemical properties that lie in the same vertical column.
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| Alkali metals | Group 1- column
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| Alkaline earth metals | Group 2 of elements
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| Halogens | Group 7 of elements
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| Noble gases | Group 8 of elements
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| Transition metals | Large collection of elements
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| Metals | 1. Conductors of electricity and heat
2. Malleable (can be hammered into thin seets)
3. Ductile (can be pulled into wires)
4. Lustrous (shiny)
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| Non metals | All the opposite of metals
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| Metalloids or semimetals | Have metallic and nonmetallic properties
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| Diatomic molecules | Molecules made up of 2 atoms. Ex. H, O, N, Cl, F, Br, I.
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| Ion | Entity with a positive or negative charge.
Opposite charges attract and become neutral
3D array (cations surrounded by anions)
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| Cation | Positive ion= metals that lose electrons
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| Anion | Negative ion= nonmetals that gain electrons
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| Ionic Compounds | Compound formed getween a metal and a nonmetal. It must have a net charge of zero. Ex Na+ Cl-
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| Compound | Combination of elements
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| Molecule | Particle composed of 2 or more nonmetal atoms. Simplest particle of a binary molecular compound
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| Atom | Tiny particles that compose elements
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| Plum pudding model | Electrons were evenly distributed among a homogeneous sphere of + charge- Thomson
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| Atomic notation | tells the # of p+ and N in the nucleus of an atom
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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