solutions
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Solute | substance dissolved in a solution.
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| Solvent | the dissolving medium in a solution.
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| Solution | a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase.
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| Aqueous | the term describes a system in which it involves water; also it applies to a solution or mixture in which water is the solvent.
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| Freezing Point depression | phenomenon that occurs when the freezing point of a liquid is lowered by adding another compound to it, such that the solution has a lower freezing point than the pure solvent.
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| Boiling Point elevation | occurs when the boiling point of a liquid is increased when another compound is added, such that the solution has a higher boiling point than the pure solvent. Boiling point elevation occurs whenever a non-volatile solute is added to a pure solvent.
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| Saturated | when a solution contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute
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| Unsaturated | when a solution contains less solute than a saturated solution under the existing conditions
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| Supersaturated | when a solution contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions
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| Distillation | the technique of heating a liquid to create vapor which is collected when cooled separate from the original liquid
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| Filtering | allowing certain objects or substances through while blocking others usually by using a membrane or layer.
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| Chromatography | the separation of chemicals through a set of laboratory techniques.
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| Solubility | the amount of a substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of a solvent at a specified temperature.
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| Mixture | a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains it's own identity and properties.
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| Homogeneous | having a uniform composition throughout.
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| Heterogeneous | not having a uniform composition throughout.
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| Suspension | a mixture in which the particles in the solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated.
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| Colloid | a mixture consisting of particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions forming mixtures known as colloid dispersions.
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| Disassociation | the seperation of ions that occurs when anionic compound dissolves
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| Electrolyte | a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current.
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| Nonelectrolyte | a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct an electric current.
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| Precipitate | a solid that is produced as a result of a chemical reaction in solution and that separates from the solution.
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| Ionic equation | an equation which only shows the atoms and ions that actually take part in the reaction.
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| Molecular equation | equation for a chemical reaction where all formulas are written as if all substances existed as molecules; only complete formulas are used.
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| Spectator ion | an ion that does not take part in a chemical reaction and is found in solution both before and after the reaction.
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| Acid | aqueous solution that has a sour taste, the ability to react with bases and certain metals to form salts, and the ability to turn blue litmus red.
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| Base | substance which gives off hydroxide ions in solution.
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| Neutralization | the reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules.
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| Oxidation | a reaction in which the atoms or ions of an element experience an increase in oxidation state.
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| Reduction | a reaction in which the oxidation state of an element decreases.
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| Molarity | the number of moles of solute in one liter of solution.
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| Molality | the concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent
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| Dilution | process of reducing the concentration of a solute in a solution; usually by just adding more solvent.
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| Titration | when one solution is added to another solution and it reacts under conditions in which the sum of the volume of may be measured accurately.
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| Concentration | a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solutions.
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