Distler's Chapter 25 Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| an oscillation, or repeating back and forth motion, about an equilibrium position | vibration
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| a disturbance that repeats regularly in space and time and that is transmitted progressively from one place to the next with no actual transport of matter | wave
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| the time required for a pendulum to make one two-and-fro swing. In general, the time required to complete a single cycle | period
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| the back-and-forth vibratory motion of a swinging pendulum | simple harmonic motion
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| a curve whose shape represents the crests and troughs of a wave, as traced out by a swinging pendulum that drops a trail of sand over a moving conveyor belt | sine curve
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| one of the places in a wave where the wave is highest or the disturbance is greatest | crest
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| one of the places in a wave where the wave is lowest or the disturbance is greatest, in the opposite direction from a crest | trough
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| the distance from the midpoint to the maximum (crest) of a wave, or equivalently from the midpoint to the minimum (trough) | amplitude
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| the distance from the top of the crest of a wave to the top of the following crest, or equivalently, the distance between successive identical parts of the wave | wavelength
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| the number of events (cycles, vibrations, oscillations, or any repeated event)per time; measured in hertz (or events per time). Inverse of period | frequency
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| the SI unit of frequency. One hertz (Hz) is one cycle per second | hertz
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| a wave with vibration at right angles to the direction the wave is travelling | transverse wave
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| a wave in which the vibration is in the same direction as that in which the wave is travelling, rather than at right angles to it | longitudinal wave
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| a pattern formed by the overlapping of two or more waves that arrive in a region at the same time | interference pattern
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| addition of two or more waves when wave crests overlap to produce a resulting wave of increases amplitude | constructive interference
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| combination of wave where crests of one wave overlap troughs of another, resulting in a wave of decreased amplitude | destructive interference
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| term applies to two waves for which the crest of one wave arrives at a point at the same time that a trough of the second wave arrives. Their effects cancel each other | out of phase
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| term applied to two or more waves whose crests (and troughs) arrive at a place at the same time, so that their effects reinforce each other | in phase
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| wave in which parts of the wave remain stationary and the wave appears not to be traveling. The result of interference between an incident (original) wave and a reflected wave | standing wave
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| any part of a standing wave that remains stationary | node
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| the positions on a standing wave where the largest amplitudes occur | antinodes
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| the apparent change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source or the receiver | Doppler effect
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| an increase in the measured frequency of light from an approaching source; called the blue shift because the apparent increase is toward the high frequency, or blue, end of the color spectrum. Also occurs when an observer approaches a source | blue shift
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| a decrease in the measured frequency of light (or other radiation) from a receding source; called the red shift because the decrease is toward the low frequency, or red, end of the color spectrum | red shift
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| the v-shaped wave produced by an object moving on a liquid surface faster than the wave speed | bow wave
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| a cone-shaped wave produced by an object moving at supersonic speed through a fluid | shock wave
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| the sharp crack heard when the shock wave that sweeps behind a supersonic aircraft reaches the listener | sonic boom
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