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Stack #482765
Distler's Chapter 25 Vocabulary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
an oscillation, or repeating back and forth motion, about an equilibrium position | vibration |
a disturbance that repeats regularly in space and time and that is transmitted progressively from one place to the next with no actual transport of matter | wave |
the time required for a pendulum to make one two-and-fro swing. In general, the time required to complete a single cycle | period |
the back-and-forth vibratory motion of a swinging pendulum | simple harmonic motion |
a curve whose shape represents the crests and troughs of a wave, as traced out by a swinging pendulum that drops a trail of sand over a moving conveyor belt | sine curve |
one of the places in a wave where the wave is highest or the disturbance is greatest | crest |
one of the places in a wave where the wave is lowest or the disturbance is greatest, in the opposite direction from a crest | trough |
the distance from the midpoint to the maximum (crest) of a wave, or equivalently from the midpoint to the minimum (trough) | amplitude |
the distance from the top of the crest of a wave to the top of the following crest, or equivalently, the distance between successive identical parts of the wave | wavelength |
the number of events (cycles, vibrations, oscillations, or any repeated event)per time; measured in hertz (or events per time). Inverse of period | frequency |
the SI unit of frequency. One hertz (Hz) is one cycle per second | hertz |
a wave with vibration at right angles to the direction the wave is travelling | transverse wave |
a wave in which the vibration is in the same direction as that in which the wave is travelling, rather than at right angles to it | longitudinal wave |
a pattern formed by the overlapping of two or more waves that arrive in a region at the same time | interference pattern |
addition of two or more waves when wave crests overlap to produce a resulting wave of increases amplitude | constructive interference |
combination of wave where crests of one wave overlap troughs of another, resulting in a wave of decreased amplitude | destructive interference |
term applies to two waves for which the crest of one wave arrives at a point at the same time that a trough of the second wave arrives. Their effects cancel each other | out of phase |
term applied to two or more waves whose crests (and troughs) arrive at a place at the same time, so that their effects reinforce each other | in phase |
wave in which parts of the wave remain stationary and the wave appears not to be traveling. The result of interference between an incident (original) wave and a reflected wave | standing wave |
any part of a standing wave that remains stationary | node |
the positions on a standing wave where the largest amplitudes occur | antinodes |
the apparent change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source or the receiver | Doppler effect |
an increase in the measured frequency of light from an approaching source; called the blue shift because the apparent increase is toward the high frequency, or blue, end of the color spectrum. Also occurs when an observer approaches a source | blue shift |
a decrease in the measured frequency of light (or other radiation) from a receding source; called the red shift because the decrease is toward the low frequency, or red, end of the color spectrum | red shift |
the v-shaped wave produced by an object moving on a liquid surface faster than the wave speed | bow wave |
a cone-shaped wave produced by an object moving at supersonic speed through a fluid | shock wave |
the sharp crack heard when the shock wave that sweeps behind a supersonic aircraft reaches the listener | sonic boom |