Chemistry: An Introduction (Timberlake) Chapter 5 Vocabulary Words
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| Activation Energy | The energy needed upon collision to break apart the bonds of the reacting molecules
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| Avagadro's Number | The number of items in a mole equal to 6.02 x 10^23
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| Balanced equation | Final form of a chemical equation that shows the same number of atoms of each element in the reactants and products
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| Catalyst | A substance that increases the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy
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| Chemical Change | The formation of a new substance with a different composition and different properties than the initial change
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| Chemical Equation | A shorthand way to represent a chemical reaction using chemical formulas to indicate the reactants, products and coefficient to show reacting ratios
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| Chemical Reaction | The process by which a chemical change takes place
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| Coefficients | Whole number placed in front of the formulas to balance the number of atoms or moles of atoms of each element on both sides of an equation
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| Combination Reaction | A reaction in which reactants combine to form a single product
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| Decomposition Reaction | A reaction in which a single reactant splits into two or more simpler substances
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| Double Replacement Reaction | A reaction in which parts of two different reactants exchange place
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| Endothermic Reaction | A reaction that requires heat; the energy of the product is higher than the energy of the reactants
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| Exothermic Reaction | A reaction that releases heat; the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants
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| Formula Unit | The group of ions represented by the formula of an ionic compound
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| Molar Mass | The mass, in grams, of 1 mole of an element equal numerically to the atomic mass. The molar mass of a compound is equal to the sum of the masses of the elements multiplied by their subscripts of the formula
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| Mole | A group of atoms, molecules, or formula units that contain 6.02 x 10^23 of these items
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| Mole-Mole Factor | A conversion factor that relates the number of moles of two compounds derived from the coefficients in an equation
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| Oxidation | The loss of electrons of a substance. Biological oxidation may involve the addition of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen
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| Oxidation-Reduction Reaction | A reaction in which the oxidation of one reactant is always accompanied by the reduction of another reactant
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| Physical Change | A change in which the physical appearance of a substance changes but the chemical composition stays the same
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| Products | The substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction
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| Reactants | The initial substances that undergo change in a chemical reaction
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| Reduction | The gain of electrons by a substance. Biological reduction may involve the loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen
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| Single Replacement Reaction | A reaction in which an element replaces a different element in a compound.
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