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Chapter 5 Vocab
Chemistry: An Introduction (Timberlake) Chapter 5 Vocabulary Words
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Activation Energy | The energy needed upon collision to break apart the bonds of the reacting molecules |
| Avagadro's Number | The number of items in a mole equal to 6.02 x 10^23 |
| Balanced equation | Final form of a chemical equation that shows the same number of atoms of each element in the reactants and products |
| Catalyst | A substance that increases the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy |
| Chemical Change | The formation of a new substance with a different composition and different properties than the initial change |
| Chemical Equation | A shorthand way to represent a chemical reaction using chemical formulas to indicate the reactants, products and coefficient to show reacting ratios |
| Chemical Reaction | The process by which a chemical change takes place |
| Coefficients | Whole number placed in front of the formulas to balance the number of atoms or moles of atoms of each element on both sides of an equation |
| Combination Reaction | A reaction in which reactants combine to form a single product |
| Decomposition Reaction | A reaction in which a single reactant splits into two or more simpler substances |
| Double Replacement Reaction | A reaction in which parts of two different reactants exchange place |
| Endothermic Reaction | A reaction that requires heat; the energy of the product is higher than the energy of the reactants |
| Exothermic Reaction | A reaction that releases heat; the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants |
| Formula Unit | The group of ions represented by the formula of an ionic compound |
| Molar Mass | The mass, in grams, of 1 mole of an element equal numerically to the atomic mass. The molar mass of a compound is equal to the sum of the masses of the elements multiplied by their subscripts of the formula |
| Mole | A group of atoms, molecules, or formula units that contain 6.02 x 10^23 of these items |
| Mole-Mole Factor | A conversion factor that relates the number of moles of two compounds derived from the coefficients in an equation |
| Oxidation | The loss of electrons of a substance. Biological oxidation may involve the addition of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen |
| Oxidation-Reduction Reaction | A reaction in which the oxidation of one reactant is always accompanied by the reduction of another reactant |
| Physical Change | A change in which the physical appearance of a substance changes but the chemical composition stays the same |
| Products | The substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction |
| Reactants | The initial substances that undergo change in a chemical reaction |
| Reduction | The gain of electrons by a substance. Biological reduction may involve the loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen |
| Single Replacement Reaction | A reaction in which an element replaces a different element in a compound. |
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kallenpoole
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