Clements 1st
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Who was Dimitri Mendeleev? | -"Father of the perodic table" 1869
-organized elements by atomic mass
-"eka": term for the missing elements names
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| Who is Lothar Meyer? | -organized the perodic table by atomic volumes after Mendeleev
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| Who is Henry Moseley? | -Student of Rutherford
-X-ray diffraction;atomic number
-Organized perodic table by atomic #
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| Hydrogen? | -nonmetal
-highly reactive
-most abundant
-1 valence electron
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| Group 1 Elements: The Alkali Metals? | -exclude Hydrogen
-soft (can be cut with a dull knife)
-Highly reactive ( especially with water)
-Make basic solutions in water
-Good conductors of electricty(Na used in street lights)
-one valence electron(when lost it is known as a Soudo reaction)
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| Group 2 Elements: The Alkaline Earth Metals? | -harder than A. Metals
-reactive, but not as reactive as Alkalis
-makes basic solutions in H2O
-All solids
-Found in compunds with structural integrity(emeralds, aircraft, marble)
- 2 Valence electrons
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| Group 3-12(b) Elements: Transition Metals? | -Harder than 1 & 2 groups
-Not very reactive
-Varying properties
-most good conductors
-All soild except Hg
-all natural except Tc
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| Lanthanide & Actinide Series: Inner Transition Metals? | -Lanthanides: shiny & reactive
-some useful;Nd magnets
-Actinides: have at least 1 isotope
-Transuranium elements are Atomic #93 and up are all synthetic and radio active (Np-Cr)
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| The Metalloides? | -B Si Ge As Sb Te
-Semiconductors- sometimes conduct/insulate
-very cold- good conductors
-very hot- good insulators
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| Group 17 Elements: The Halogens? | -Most reactive nonmetals
-combine easily with metals to form salts- "halogen" means "salt former"
-consist of two solids(T,At)one liquid(Br) two gases at RT (F, Cl)
-7 valence electrons
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| Group 18 Elements: The Noble Gases? | -Virtually nonreactive nonmetals
-stable
-Happy valence electrons
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| Describe Density Trend? | There isno definite trend going left right or up down
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| What is Atomic Radius? | -Measured from the center of two atoms in a diatomic molecule.
--Rb-distance/2=0.248
(two atom molecules with same atoms bonding to each other)
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| Define Sheiding Effect? | When core electrons block some of the pull from the nucleus, reducing the pull of the outer electrons _ makes it large
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| Atomic radius trend? | -Decreases going across period(electrons are added to same energy level)
-Increases going down(electrons added farther away energy levels)
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| Describe Ionization energy? | -Energy required to remove an electron from an atom or an ion-- measured in kJ/mol (energy)
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| Ionization trend? | -Increases going across period
-Decreases going down
-Ionization energy is +
- Noble gases will tend to have more Ion. energy
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| What is Electronegativity? | -How willing an atom molecule is to bring in an extra electron
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| Electronegativity trend? | -Increases going across a peroid (tendency to gain an electron)
-Decreases going down a group (more resistance)
F-highest
Fr-lowest
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| What is Electron Affinity? | -energy change: represents losing energy
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| Electon Affinity trend? | -Increases going across period- there are more electrons in the same energy level;getting closer to noble gas
-Decreases going down a group-electrons become farther away from the nucleus
-Negative vaules-think absolute value
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| What are Natural Elements? | -atomic #s 1-92 exculding Tc(43) -are made in stars; violent reactions occur, left overs make up natural elements
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| What are "so rare we don't care" elements? | -Pr -At -Fr (so rare considered unnatual)
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| What are Fusion Reactions? | -Primary sorce of energy -Mass exchanged for energy -4 H fuse to 1 He nucleus -Mass Defect=energy --mass of He nucleus < mass of 4 H (mass not conserved)
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| What is Nuclear Fusion? | -Primary fusion in stars
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| Explain Fusion Reactions? | -Start with small=big.
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| What do Fusion reactions require? | -Lots of energy, but spit out a lot of energy -man-made fusion first performed: 1950s' Bomb
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| What are Fission Reactoins? | -opposite of Fusion -first discovered by Rutherford -make new elements by hitting them with paricles really fast -resulting in breaking apart of element/absorption of fast particle -Start with big=small
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| A Fission reaction made the first synthetic elememt..? | Tc - created by bombarding molybdenum targets with deuterons) -eventually found naturally in nature
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| Fission reactoins: | Nuclear Bullets -p+ -n() -alpha particles (He nuclei) -beta particles(just electrons)
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Created by:
sbrocks
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