Radiology
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| What type of current is needed inside the x-ray tube? | Direct current
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| What are the three main benefits of using semiconductor rectifiers in x-ray equipment? | They waste less energy
They are less delicate
There is a lower level of radiation
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| What is the purpose of the rectifier tube? | To convert alternating current to direct current
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| In the x-ray tube, what converts alternating current to direct current? | The rectifier
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| Which of the following is NOT present in a --A)vacuum tube? B)Anode C)Cathode D)Filament E)Generator | E)Generator
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| Why is silicon used as the primary component of semiconductor material? | It has four electrons in the outer shell
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| What type of electrons does an n-type semiconductor have? | Free electrons
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| Which of the following is true of the n-type semi-conductors? A)It has free electrons B)It has electron holes C)It has fixed electrons D)All its electrons are free | A)It has free electrons
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| What are n-type and p-type semiconductors called when they are joined together? | Diodes
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| What has been developed to eliminate some of the unevenness that results from alternating current? (3) | The use of high frequency current
Three phase generators
Full wave rectifiers
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| What has been developed to eliminate some of the unevenness that results from alternating current? A)The use of high frequency current B)Three phase generators C)Full wave rectifiers D)All of the above | D)All of the above
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| Which of the following is used in production of semiconductors? A)Silicon B)Boron C)Phosphorus D)All of the above | D)All of the above
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| What three chemicals are used in production of semiconductors? | Silicon
Boron
Phosphorus
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| What cycle of current is used in most x-ray equipment? | 2000
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| Define The positive end of the rectifier tube | Anode
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| Define The negative filament end of a rectifier tube | Cathode
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| Define A device that is made by putting together an n-type and a p-type semiconductor | Diode
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| Define The process in which to or more atoms are bonded by sharing some of the same electrons, which revolve around the nuclei of both or all the atoms that share them. | Covalent bonding
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| Define A small coil of wire through which current is passed. In a vacuum tube rectifier the filament is used to produce a stream of electrons | Define
A small coil of wire through which current is passed. In a vacuum tube rectifier the filament is used to produce a stream of electrons
Filament
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| Define A process that occurs because of the cycling of alternating current. since only half the cycle flows through, half of the current is not used but is wasted. | Half wave rectification
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| Define a device that converts alternating current to direct current by allowing the current to flow through it in only one direction. | Rectifier
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| Define The rise and fall of the voltage in a wave. it occurs when a direct current is produced from an alternating current cycle; it falls off, moves toward reversal, and then picks back up again. | Rippling
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| To operate, an x-ray tube needs what type of current? | Direct current
The DC allows a continuous flow of electrons
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| What charge does the filament in a vacuum tube have? | Negative
Electrons continue flowing from the negative side, called the cathode, to the positive side, called the anode.
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| What is the positive side of a rectifier tube called? | Anode
This is the end of the rectifier tube that attracts electrons from the filament.
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| What generates the heat to which much of the energy of a vacuum tube is lost? | Filament
Much of the energy of the alternating current is lost to heat that is generated in the filament.
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| What is the primary component of semiconductor material? | Silicon
Silicon has four electrons in its outer electron shell, which allows for the creation of free electrons or electron holes when it bonds with other elements.
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| What type of atoms are mixed in with the p-type semiconductor? | Boron
Since a boron atom has only three electrons in its outer shell, a positively charged hole can be created in the lattice.
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| Define A device used to create a powerful direct current from the supplied alternating current. Contemporary x-ray equipment uses them. | Solid state rectifiers
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| Control and voltage is aka _______ and _______. | Quantity and quality
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| What are five components of the operating console? | Kvp
Ma
Exposure time
Meters
Line compensation
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| ______ determines the quality of the beam. | Kvp
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| Kvp determines the _____ of the beam. | Quality
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| mA determines the _____ of the beam. | Quantity
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| The autotransformer operates on the principle of ________ _______. | Electromagnetic induction
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| What is the formula for the autotransformer law? | Vs/Vp=Ns/Np
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| It takes an adjustment of about ______% of kVp to see a difference in the radiographs. | 4
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| mA = _________ | Quantity
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| mA is the tube current from the _____ to the _______. | Cathode
Anode
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| Where is the exposure timer? | The primary side of the high voltage transformer
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| The number of x-rays reaching the image receptor is directly related to what two things? | x-ray tube current and time energized
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| What are the three primary parts of the high voltage generator? | High voltage transformer
Filament transformer
Rectifiers
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| In a high voltage transformer, the secondary voltage is _____ than the primary. | Higher
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| In a high voltage transformer, the number of secondary winding is ____ than the number of primary windings (turns ratio). | Higher
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| What is the range for high voltage turns? | Form 50:1 to 1000:1
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| What receives the electrons? | The positively charged anode.
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| Is the filament made to withstand high heat? | No
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| Is the filament located on the cathode or anode side of the tube? | Cathode
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