21 Word Vocab
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| Sectionalism | Sectionalism is loyalty to the interests of one’s own region or section of the country, rather than to the country as a whole. In U.S. history, this often refers to the tensions between the North, South, and West before the Civil War.
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| Fugitive | A fugitive is a person who is running away or trying to escape, especially from the law or from custody. In American history, this often refers to enslaved people who escaped from slavery.
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| Secede | To secede means to formally withdraw from an organization, alliance, or political entity. In U.S. history, this refers to the Southern states leaving the Union before the Civil War.
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| Abstain | To abstain means to deliberately choose not to participate in something, such as voting or making a decision.
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| Popular Sovereignty | Popular sovereignty is the principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives. In the 1800s, it referred to allowing settlers of a territory to decide whe
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| Border Ruffians | Border ruffians were pro-slavery activists from Missouri who crossed into Kansas to force the acceptance of slavery there in the period leading up to the Civil War.
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| Arsenal | An arsenal is a place where weapons and military equipment are stored or made.
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| Secession | Secession is the act of formally withdrawing from a federation or political state. In U.S. history, it refers to the Southern states leaving the Union to form the Confederacy.
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| States’ Rights | States’ rights is the belief that individual states have certain rights and political powers that the federal government cannot overrule. This was a major issue leading up to the Civil War.
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| Border State | A border state was a slave state that did not secede from the Union during the Civil War. Examples include Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland, and Delaware.
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| Blockade | A blockade is the use of ships or troops to prevent movement into or out of a port or region, often to cut off supplies during wartime.
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| Offensive | An offensive is a military operation in which forces attack the enemy, as opposed to defending against attacks.
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| Rebel | A rebel is a person who rises in opposition or armed resistance against an established government or ruler. During the Civil War, "Rebel" referred to Confederate soldiers.
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| Yankee | A Yankee was a term used by Southerners to refer to people from the North, especially Union soldiers during the Civil War.
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| Blockade Runner | A blockade runner was a ship that slipped past a blockade to deliver goods or supplies, often used by the Confederacy to get around the Union blockade.
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| Ironclad | An ironclad was a warship covered with protective iron plates, used during the Civil War for greater defense against enemy fire.
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| Casualty | A casualty is a person killed, wounded, captured, or missing in a war or battle.
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| Emancipate | To emancipate means to set someone free from slavery or bondage.
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| Ratify | To ratify means to formally approve or confirm something, such as a law, agreement, or constitutional amendment.
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| Habeas Corpus | Habeas corpus is a legal principle that protects against unlawful imprisonment by requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or court.
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| Draft | A draft is a system for requiring people to serve in the military, often by random selection.
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| Bounty | A bounty is a sum of money offered as a reward, often for enlisting in the military or for capturing someone.
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| Greenback | A greenback was a paper currency issued by the U.S. government during the Civil War. The name comes from the green ink used on the back.
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| Inflation | Inflation is a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.
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| Entrenched | Entrenched means firmly established and difficult to change. In a military context, it refers to soldiers being in a strong defensive position, often in trenches.
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| Total War | Total war is a strategy of war in which all of a society’s resources-economic, political, and civilian-are mobilized to achieve complete victory, often affecting civilians as well as soldiers.
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