Psych Unit 6A Vocab
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| Memory | Learning that persists over time
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| Recall | Retrieving information
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| Recognition | Identifying previously learned items
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| Encoding | Getting information into our brains
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| Storage | Retain information
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| Retrieval | Get information back out
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| Three-stage memory model/multi-store model | Memory consists of a sensory register, short-term memory, and long-term memory
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| Sensory memory | The mental representation of environments
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| Short-term memory | The recall of material after it is presented or during uninterrupted rehearsal of the material
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| Maintenance rehearsal | Straight repeating of information to memorize it
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| Elaborative rehearsal | Relates new concepts to old ones to help them stick
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| Long-term memory | Memory that involves the storage and recall of information over a long period of time
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| Working memory | Active processing of sensory and long-term memories during short-term memory
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| Central executive | Responsible for focussed processing in working memory
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| Visuospatial sketchpad | Our temporary ability to hold visual and spatial information
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| Phonological loop | The speech and sound-related component of working memory
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| Explicit/declarative memories | Retention of stuff one can consciously know and "declare"
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| Effortful processing | Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
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| Implicit/nondeclarative memories | Retention of learned skills/associations independent of conscious realisation
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| Procedural memories | A type of long-term, implicit memory involved in the knowledge of skills or how to do things
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| Automatic processing | Unconscious encoding of incidental information
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| Prospective memory | Remembering to carry out an action at an appropriate moment
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| Autobiographical memory | Recollection of past events a jawn has experienced
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| Iconic memory | A fleeting sensory memory of visual stimuli
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| Echoic memory | A fleeting sensory memory of auditory stimuli
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| Chunking | Organizing items into familiar, manageable units
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| Mnemonics | Memory aids, especially ones with vivid imagery and organizational devices
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| Method of Loci | Using visualizations of familiar spatial environments to recall stuff better
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| Categories | Sets of objects in the world
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| Hierarchies | Broad concepts divided and subdivided into narrower concepts
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| Spacing effect: massed vs. distributed practice | The tendency for distributed practice to yield better long-term retention than massed practice
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| Testing effect | Enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than rereading, information
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| Metacognition | The purposeful awareness of one's own thought processes
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| Shallow processing | Encoding on an elementary level
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| Phonemic processing | Use of sounds to process language
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| Structural processing | Remembering only the physical quality of a word
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| Deep processing/semantic processing | Encodes semantically (based on meaning)
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| Semantic memory | Memory of facts and general knowledge
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| Episodic memory | Memory of personally experienced events
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| Memory consolidation | The process of turning short-term memories to long-term ones
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| Long-term potentiation | An increase in a cell's firing potential after repeated stimulation
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| Retrieval cues | Stimuli assisting in memory retrieval
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| Priming | Getting jawns set for shit
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| Context-dependent memory | Needing context for memory
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| State-dependent memory | Needing a certain state for memory
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| Mood-congruent memory | Recalling experiences consistently with mood
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| Serial position effect | Recalling the first and last items in a list
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| Recency effect | Recalling jawns better because of recency
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| Primacy effect | Recalling jawns better because of their proximity to the beginning of something
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| Anterograde amnesia | An inability to form new memories
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| Retrograde amnesia | An inability to retrieve information from one's past
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| Alzheimer's | A disease where loss of memory is a main symptom
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| Infantile amnesia | Inability of adults to recollect early episodic memories
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| Encoding failure | Occurs when information is insufficiently or inadequately encoded
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| Ebbinghaus forgetting curve | Learned information slips out of our memories over time
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| Tip-of-the-tongue forgetting | When one can't recall a word but can recall words of similar form and meaning
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| Proactive interference | When old information interferes with the learning of new information
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| Retroactive interference | When new information inhibits our ability to recall old information
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| Ego | Freud's "realistic" part of personality that was all about compromisation
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| Repression | Unconscious blocking of unpleasant jawns from one's mind
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| Misinformation effect | A type of memory impairment caused by introduction fo misleading infromation
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| Imagination inflation | A tendency to falsely remember jawns that were imagined
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| Source amnesia | The inability to recall where, when, or how one has learned knowledge that has been acquired and retained
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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