Key Terms
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| active cycle of breathing (ACB) | airway clearance strategy consisting of repeated cycles of breathing control and thoracic expansion, followed by the forced expiratory technique
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| acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | a respiratory disorder characterized by respiratory insufficiency and hypoxemia
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| autogeneic drainage (AD) | modification of directed cough, beginning with a low lung volume breathing, inspiratory breath holds, and controlled exhalation, and progressing to increased inspired volumes and expiratory flows
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| bronchiectasis | abnormal condition of the bronchial tree characterized by irreversible dilation and destruction of the bronchial walls
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| ciliary dyskinetic syndromes | conditions in which respiratory tract cilia do not function properly
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| forced expiration technique (FET) | modification of the normal cough sequence designed to facilitate clearance of bronchial secretions while minimizing the likelihood of bronchiolar collapse
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| high frequency chest wall compression (HFCWC) | mechanical technique for augmenting secretion clearance; small gas volumes are alternately injected into and withdrawn from a vest by an air pulse generator at a fast rate, creating an a oscillatory motion against the patient’s thorax
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| hertz (Hz) | a physical term meaning cycles per second
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| “huff” cough | type of forced expiration with an open glottis to replace coughing when pain limits normal coughing
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| inspissation | (of the fluid) thickened or hardened through a the absorption or evaporation of the liquid portion, as can occur with respiratory secretions when the upper airway is bypassed
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| intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) | airway clearance technique that uses a pneumatic device to deliver a series pressurized gas mini bursts at higher rates to the respiratory tract, usually via a mouthpiece; usually combined with aerosol bronchodilator therapy
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| mucus plugging | retention of secretions resulting in full or partial obstruction of the airway
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| oscillation | back-and-forth motion; vibration or the effects of mechanical or electrical vibration
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| positive expiratory pressure (PEP) | airway clearance technique in which the patient exhales against a fixed orifice flow resister in order to help move secretions into the larger airways for expectoration via coughing or swallowing
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| splinting | process of immobilizing, restraining, or supporting a body part
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| venostasis | disorder in which the normal flow of blood through a vein is slowed or halted
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