common cardiovasclar and related drugs
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| Norepinephrine | Levophed | Intense vasoconstriction causes reflex bradycardia which overwhelms weak B1 cardiostimulatory effects.
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| Isoproterenol | Isuprel | Stimulates heart more than epinephrine due to direct effects and response to decreased mean arterial pressure.
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| Dopamine | Intropin | B1 effects: increased contractility & systolic pressure, less effect on rate than isoproterenol. Causes indirect release of norepinephrine which is offset by inhibition of norepinephrine release via presynaptic dopamine receptors.
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| Phenylephrine | Neo-Synephrine | Decreased HR (reflex increase mean arterial pressure) Treats paroxysal supraventricular tachycardia.
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| Metaproternol | Alupent | Few cardiac effects due to lack of affinity for B1 receptors.
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| Albuterol | Ventolin, Proventil | Few cardiac effects due to lack of affinity for B1 receptors.
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| Salmeterol | Serevent | Few cardiac effects due to lack of affinity for B1 receptors.
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| Pirbuterol | Maxair | Few cardiac effects due to lack of affinity for B1 receptors.
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| Levalbuterol | Xopenex | Few cardiac effects due to lack of affinity for B1 receptors.
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| Amphetamine | Increased contraction decrease HR (reflex increase mean arterial pressure)
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| Methamphetamine | Increased contraction decrease HR (reflex increase mean arterial pressure)
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| Ephedrine | Similar to epinephrine but no change in HR
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| Acetylcholine | Miochol-E | None
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| Carbachol | Carbastat, Miostat | None
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| Methacholine | Provocholine | None
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| Nicotine | None
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| Neostigmine | Prostigmine | Reversal of neuromuscular blockade following anesthesia
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| Edrophonium | Tensilon, Reversol | Used in diagnosis of Myasthenia gravis.
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| Atropine | Treats bradycardia
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| Vecuronium | Norcuron | Anesthesia
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| Pancuronium | Pavulon | Anesthesia
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| Succinylcholine | Anectine | Anesthesia
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| Procaine | Novocain | Local Anesthesia
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| Amitriptyline | Elavil | Major depression
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| Fluoxetine | Prozac | Depression, OCD, Bulimia nervosa
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| Sertraline | Zoloft | Depression, OCD, Bulimia nervosa, Panic disorder.
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| Paroxetine | Paxil | Depression, OCD, Panic disorder
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| Citalopram | Celexa | Depression
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| Escitalopram | Lexapro | Depression
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| Venlafaxine | Effexor | Depression, Anxiety, may worsen hypertension
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| Alprazolam | Xanax | Depression, Panic attacks
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| Bupropion | Wellbutrin | Depression, Smoking cessation
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| Duloxetine | Cymbalta | Depression, Diabetic neuropathic pain
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| d-Amphetamine | Adderall | ADD, ADHD, Narcolepsy
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| Methylphenidate | Ritalin | ADD (most common), Narcolepsy
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| Caffeine | Prolonged apnea in preterm infants
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| Theophylline | Asthma, Apnea & bradycardia in premature infants
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| Chlorpromazine | Thorazine | Psychoses
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| Haloperidol | Haldol | Psychoses, Tourettes syndrome, severe behavioral problems in children, hyperactive children, Hunington's disease & Alcohol withdrawl
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| Promethazine | Phenergan | Nausea
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| Scopolamine | Transderm-scop | Motion sickness, nausea
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| Metoclopramide | Reglan | Nausea in chemotherpy patients, GI stimulant to improve gastric emptying
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| Levodopa | L-dopa | Parkinson's disease
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| Morphine | Drug of choice for treating severe pain of MI
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| Oxycodone | Oxycontin | Moderate to severe pain
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| Hydrocodone | Moderate to severe pain
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| Hydromorphone | Dilaudid | Moderate to severe pain
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| Meperidine | Demerol | Severe pain
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| Fentanyl | Sublimaze | Pain management pediatrics
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| Codeine | minor pain
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| Nalbuphine | Nubain | moderate to severe pain. pre-op in combo with anesthesia
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| Naloxone | Narcan | reversal of narcodics
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| Naltrexone | ReVia | Treatment of alcoholism
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| Clonazepam | Klonopin | Anxiety disorder
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| Midazolam | Versed | Moderate sedation
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| Temazepam | Restoril | Anxiety disorder
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| Triazolam | Halcion | Sedate hospitalized patients
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| Phenobarbital | Generalized seizures in pediatric patients
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| Diazepam | Valium | Anxiety disorder, Status epilepticus
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| Lorazepam | Ativan | Rapid sedation of agitated patients, status epilepticus
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| Carbamazepine | Tegretol | All seizure types but absence
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| Valproic Acid | Depakote | All seizure types
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| Gabapentin | Neurontin | Partial seizures
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| Nitrous Oxide | Most commonly used in pediatrics & dental procedures
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| Chlorothiazide | Diuril | Good starting agent for treating hypertension, chronic edema, Idiopathic hypercalcuria. May cause electrolyte imbalance
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| Furosemide | Lasix | Quick acting, only given every 6 hrs. May cause electrolyte imbalance. PO, IV
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| Torsemide | Demadex | Hypertension, edema. May cause electrolyte imbalance, headache & dizziness. PO, IV. Twice the strength of lasix.
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| Bumetanide | Bumex | Most potent, edema, pulmonary edema. May cause electrolyte imbalance, PO, IV not given at home.
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| Spironolactone | Aldactone | Edema, hypertension. Causes endocrine imbalance. PO
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| Mannitol | Resectisol | Acute renal failure, acute closed angle glaucoma, brain edema, & some drug overdoses. Causes headache, nausea, vomiting, chills, dizziness, polydipsia, lathargy, confusion & chest pain. Most common used for cerebral edema
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| Clonidine | Catapres | Mild to moderate hypertension. Causes rash drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, headache, impaired ejaculation, rebound hypertension if stopped abruptly. Starting dose low to limit toxicity.
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| Methyldopa | Aldomet | Hypertension in pregnant women. Causes dry mouth, slight orthostatic hypotension. Some patients experience impotence, psychic disturbances, nightmares, involuntary movements or hepatotoxicity.
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| Doxazosin | Cardura | Hypertension with congestive heart failure. Can cause hypotension, sodium depletion, edema, dry mouth, congestion, headache, nightmares, sexual dysfunction & lethargy. PO
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| Labetalol | Trandate, Normaodyne | Hypertension. Not used by patients with CHF. Can cause fatigue, impotence, diarrhea, numbness, orthostatic hypotension. PO, IM, IV
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| Carvedilol | Coreg | Hypertension, Tachycardia. Can cause further suppression of failing heart, fatigue, impotence, diarrhea, numbness, orthostatic hypotension. PO, IM, IV
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| Atenolol | Tenormin | Most common drug used for hypertension. Decreases HR & cardiac output. Can futher suppress failing heart & cause CNS sedation & depression. PO
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| Carteolol | Cartrol | Hypertension. Further supresses failing heart. PO
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| Penbutolol | Levatol | Hypertension. Further supresses failing heart. PO
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| Bisoprolol | Zebata | Hypertension. Further supresses failing heart. PO
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| Metoprolol | Lopressor | Hypertension. Further supresses failing heart. PO
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| Esmolo | Brevibloc | Cardiosuppression in acute MI & unstable angina. Decreases HR & BP. IV
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| Propranolol | Inderal | Cardiosuppression in acute MI & unstable angina. Produces transient hypertension & bronchospasm. PO
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| Nadolol | Corgard | Cardiosuppression in acute MI & unstable angina. Produces transient hypertension & bronchospasm. PO
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| Captopril | Capoten | Hypertension. Enhances heart reperfusion in MI patients. First dose can cause hypotension, dizziness, proteinuria, rash, tachycardia & headache. PO
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| Lisinopril | Prinivil | Hypertension. Enhances heart reperfusion in MI patients. First dose can cause hypotension, dizziness, proteinuria, rash, tachycardia & headache. PO
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| Enalapril | Vasotec | Hypertension. Enhances heart reperfusion in MI patients. First dose can cause hypotension, dizziness, proteinuria, rash, tachycardia & headache. PO
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| Benazepril | Lotensin | Hypertension. Enhances heart reperfusion in MI patients. First dose can cause hypotension, dizziness, proteinuria, rash, tachycardia & headache. PO
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| Losartan | Cozaar | Hypertension. Can cause hypotension & dizziness. PO
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| Valsartan | Diavan | Hypertension. Can cause hypotension & dizziness. PO
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| Irbesartan | Avapro | Hypertension. Can cause hypotension & dizziness. PO
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| Candesartan | Atacand | Hypertension. Can cause hypotension & dizziness. PO
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| Telmiscartan | Micardis | Hypertension. Can cause hypotension & dizziness. PO
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| Hydralazine | Apresoline | Moderate hypertension. Used with caution in pregnant women.Can cause reflex tachycardia, palpitationa, fluid retension systemic lupus erthematosis-like syndrome
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| Nifedipine | Procardia | n/a
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| Nicardipine | Cardene | n/a
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| Amiodipine | Norvasc | n/a
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| Nitroglycerin | n/a
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| Digoxin | Lanoxin | n/a
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| Dobutamine | Dobutrex | Drug of choice to stimulate heart, preserves heart's efficiency best. Minor change in heart rate.
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| Nesiritide | Natrecor | n/a
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| Quinidine | n/a
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| Procainamide | Pronestyl | n/a
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| Disopyramide | Norpace | n/a
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| Lidocaine | Xylocaine | Rarely can induce heart block.
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| Flecainide | Tambocor | n/a
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| Propafenone | Rhythmol | n/a
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| Propranolol | Inderal | n/a
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| Esmolol | Kerlone | n/a
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| Amiodarone | n/a
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| Dofetilide | Tikosyn | n/a
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| Sotalol | Betapace | n/a
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| Verapamil | n/a
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| Adenosine | Adenocard | n/a
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| Lovastatin | Mevacor | n/a
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| Simvastatin | Zocor | n/a
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| Pravastatin | Pravachol | n/a
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| Atorvastatin | Lipitor | n/a
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| Rosuvastatin | Crestor | n/a
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| Ezetimibe | Zetia | n/a
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| Aspirin | n/a
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| Ibuprofen | n/a
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| Clopidogrel | Plavix | n/a
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| Cilostazol | Pletal | n/a
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| Dipyridamole | Persantine | n/a
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| Abciximab | ReoPro | n/a
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| Eptifibatide | Intergrilin | n/a
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| Tirofiban | Aggrastat | n/a
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| Streptokinase | n/a
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| Urokinase | n/a
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| Tissue Plasmiogen Activator | TPA | n/a
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| Alteplase | Activase | n/a
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| Reteplase | Retavase | n/a
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| Bivalirudin | Angiomax | n/a
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| Hydrochlorothiazide | HCTZ | Most common Thiazide
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| Epinephrine | Adrenalin | All cardiac effects mediated by B1; increased HR, contractility, conduction velocity & automaticity of AV-node, HIS, purkinje fibers & ventricles
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