(CN) Nerve Root, Muscle Weakness, Reflexes
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| C5 (Muscle innervation, Reflexes) | Muscles: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, delt, biceps. Reflexes: Biceps & Brachioradialis
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| C6 (Muscle innervation, Reflexes) | Muscles: Biceps, Supinator, wrist extensors. Reflexes: Biceps, brachioradialis
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| C7 (Muscle innervation, Reflexes) | Muscles: Triceps, wrist flexors Reflexes: Triceps
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| C8 (Muscle innervation, Reflexes) | Muscles: Ulnar deviators, Thumb extensors, Thumb adductors. Reflexes: Triceps
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| L1 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes) | Muscles: None
Myotome: L1,2 Hip flexion
Reflexes: None
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| L2 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes) | Muscles: Psoas, hip adductors.
Myotome: L1,2 Hip flexion
Reflexes: None
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| L3 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings) | Muscles: Psoas, Quads.
Myotome: L3,4 Knee extension
Reflexes: Knee jerk sluggish
Findings: PKB positive, pain on full SLR
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| L4 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings) | Muscles: Tib ant, EH
Myotome: L3,4 Knee extension L4,5 Dorsiflexion (heel walking)
Reflexes: Weak or absent knee jerk
Findings: Limited SLR, Pain w/ neck flexion, limited side flexion
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| L5 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings) | Muscles: EH, Peroneals, Glut med, DFs, Hamstring and calf atrophy
Myotome: L4,5 DF. L5 Great toe extension
Reflexes: Achilles.
Findings: SLR limited on one side, painful neck flexion, decreased ankle ROM, Crossed-leg raising pain
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| S1 & S2 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings) | Muscles: Calf and hamstring, Wasting of gluts, peroneals, PFs.
Myotome: S1, PF (toe walking) S2, Great toe flexion
Reflexes: Achilles reflex weak or absent.
Findings: Limited SLR
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| S2 | Same as S1
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| How do you test CN I? | Identify familiar odors.
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| How do you test CN II? | Visual fields
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| How do you test CN III? | Upward, downward & medial gaze. Reaction to light.
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| How do you test CN IV? | Downward & lateral gaze
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| How do you test CN V? | Corneal reflex, face sensation, separate clenched jaw, jaw jerk
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| How do you test CN VI? | Lateral gaze
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| How do you test CN VII? | Close eyes tight, smile and show teeth, whistle and puff cheeks, Identify sweet/sour
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| How do you test CN VIII? | Hear watch ticking, hearing tests, balance & coordination
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| How do you test CN IX? | Gag reflex, ability to swallow
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| How do you test CN X? | Gag reflex, ability to swallow, say "ahhh"
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| How do you test CN XI? | Resisted shoulder shrug
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| How do you test CN XII? | Tongue protrusion (tongue deviates toward injured side)
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| Posterior cord: | US subscapular, LS, TD, Axillary, Radial
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| Medial cord | MP, Median, Ulnar
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| Lateral cord | LP, MC
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| Upper trank | SC Sublavis, SS suprascapular
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| Roots | DS
LT
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