Unit 12 Psychology
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| Psychological Disorder | a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individuals cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior
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| Medical Model | the concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital
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| DSM-5 | the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders
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| Anxiety Disorders | psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
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| Generalized Anxiety Disorder | an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense; apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal
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| Panic Disorder | an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minutes long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations
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| Phobias | an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation
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| Social Anxiety Disorder | intense fear of social situations, leading to avoidance of such
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| Agoraphobia | fear or avoidance of situations, such as crowds or wide open places, where one has felt loss of control and panic
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| Obsessive Compulsive Disorder | a disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions
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| PTSD | a disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers for 4 weeks or more after a traumatic experience
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| Posttraumatic Growth | positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises
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| Mood Disorder | psychological disorder characterized by emotional extremes
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| Major Depressive Disorder | a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or another medical condition, 2 or more weeks with 5 or more symptoms, at least 1 of which must be either (1) depressed mood (2) loss of interest or pleasure
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| Mania | a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state
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| Bipolar Disorder | a mood disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania
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| Rumination | compulsive fretting; overthinking about out problems and their causes
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| Schizophrenia | a psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and diminished or inappropriate emotional expression
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| Psychosis | a psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions
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| Delusions | false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders
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| Hallucination | false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus
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| Somatic Symptom Disorder | a psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause
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| Conversion Disorder | a disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found
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| Illness Anxiety Disorder | a disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease
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| Dissociative Disorder | disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings
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