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Chapter 1

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
        Help!  

Question
Answer
show The scientific study of behavior and mental processes  
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Structuralism   show
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Functionalism   show
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Psychoanalysis   show
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show School of psychology and theoretical viewpoint that emphasize the study of observable behaviors as they pertain to the process of learning  
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Humanistic Psychology   show
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Neuroscience   show
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show The study of positive emotions and psychological states, positive individual trais, and social institutions that foster positive individuals and communities  
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show The application of principles of evolution, including natural selection, to explain psychological processes and phenomena  
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show The attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors shared by a group of people and communicated from one generation to another  
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show Branch of psychology that studies the effects of culture on behavior and mental processes  
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Ethnocentrism   show
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show Cultures that emphasize the needs and goals of the individual over the needs and goals of the group  
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show Cultures that emphasize the needs and goals of the group over the needs and goals of the individual  
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show Cultures that emphasize the needs and goals of the g roup over the needs and goals of the individual  
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Psychiatry   show
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show A set of assumptions, attitudes, and procedures that guide researchers in creating questions to investigate, in generating evidence, and in drawing conclusions  
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show Verifiable evidence that is based upon objective observation, measurement, and/or experimentation  
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show A tentative statement abaout the relationship between two or more variables; a testable prediction or question  
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Variable   show
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Operational definition   show
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Critical thinking   show
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show A branch of mathematics used by researchers to organize, summarize, and interpret data  
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Statistically significant   show
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Meta-analysis   show
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Replicate   show
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show A tentative explanation that tries to integrate and account for the relationship of various findings and observations  
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show Scientific procedures that involve systematically observing behavior in order to describe the relationship among behaviors and events  
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Naturalistic observation   show
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show A fake or false science that makes claims based on little or no scientific evidence  
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show An intensive study of a single individual or small group of individuals  
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show A questionnaire or interview designed to investigate the opinions, behaviors, or characteristics of a particular group  
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show A selected segment of the population used to represent the group that is being studied  
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show A selected segment that very closely parallels the larger population being studied on relevant characteristics  
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Random selection   show
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Correlational study   show
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show A merical indication of the magnitude and direction of the relationship between two variables  
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Positive correlation   show
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Negative correlation   show
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Experimental method   show
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Independent variable   show
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Dependent variable   show
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Extraneous variable   show
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Experimental group (experimental condition)   show
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Placebo   show
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Placebo effect   show
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Random assignment   show
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show An experimental control in which neither the participants nor the researchers interacting with the participants are aware of the group or condition to which the participants have been assigned  
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Demand characteristics   show
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Practice effect   show
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Main effect   show
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show In an experiment, the group of participants who are exposed to all experimental conditions, except the independent variable; the group against which changes in the experimental group are compared  
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Natural experiment   show
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show An invasive imagaing technique that provides color-coded images of brain activity by trackingthe brain's use of a radioacively tagged compound, such as glucose, oxygen, or a drug  
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)   show
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show A noninvasive imaging technique that uses magnetic fields to map brain activity by measuring changes in the brain's blood flow and oxygen levels  
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show Branch of psychology that studies the behavior or different animal species  
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Mary Whiton Calkins   show
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Charles Darwin   show
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Sigmund Freud   show
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G. Stanley Hall   show
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William James   show
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show American, humanistic psychologist who developed a theory of motivation  
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Ivan Pavlov   show
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show American psychologist who founded the school of humanistic psychology  
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B. F. Skinner   show
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Francis C Sumner   show
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show `British-born American psychologist who founded structuralism, the first school of psychology  
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show American psychologist who was the first woman to earn a doctorate in psychology in the United States; published research on mental processes in animals  
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John B Watson   show
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Wilhelm Wundt   show
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show Functionalism  
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show William James  
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School/approach that emphasizes each person's unique potential for psychological growth and self-directedness   show
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Founder of Humanistic Psychology   show
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show Structuralism  
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Founder of Structuralism   show
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show Psychoanalysis  
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Founder of Psychoanalysis   show
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show Behaviorism  
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Founder of Behaviorism   show
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I study brain development in infants. What is my perspective and specialty?   show
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show Cross-cultural perspective; specialty is cognitive psychology  
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show Behavioral perspective; specialty is health psychology  
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I investigate the early life experiences of people who seek psychotherapy for symptoms of depression. What is my perspective and specialty?   show
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show Evolutionary perspective; specialty is social psychology  
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show Positive psychology perspective; specialty is counseling psychology or developmental psychology  
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show Positive correlation  
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A psychologist is interested in what hospital staff members say about their patients in public. His research assistants spend 4 hrs riding elevators in various hospitals and unobtrusively recording the public conversations. This psychologist is using ____   show
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show Correlational research  
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Researchers have found that the more credit cards people have, the less money they tend to have in their savings accounts. These researchers have discovered a ______________ between the number of credit cards and the amount of savings   show
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Dr. Romano conducts an in-depth interview and gives extensive psychological tests to an individual who claims to have been abducted by aliens. Dr. Romano is using ______________ in this investigation.   show
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show Random assignment  
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show Placebo  
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show Double-blind technique  
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Being informed that housekeeping tasks were good exercise. The hotel experiment used was _____________   show
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Weight, blood pressure, body mass index, and other physical health measures of the hotel housekeeping staff. the hotel experiment used was _____________   show
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The improvement that occurred from simply having taken the tests of memory, concentration, and mental focus twice. The hotel experiment used was ____________   show
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The physical changes that could be directly attributed to being told that housekeeping tasks provided healthy exercise. The hotel experiment used was _____________   show
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show Extraneous variable  
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The participants who were not told that housekeeping tasks provide healthy exercise. The hotel experiment used was ____________   show
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