Unit 10 Psych Vocab Part 3
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| Self-Esteem | One's overall self-evaluation or sense of self-worth.
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| Self-Efficacy | The belief in one's ability to accomplish specific tasks.
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| Self-Serving Bias | The tendency to perceive oneself favorably, attributing positive events to internal causes and negative events to external causes.
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| Narcissism (repeated term) | Excessive self-love or self-centeredness, often accompanied by a lack of empathy for others.
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| Motivation | A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.
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| Instinct | A complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species.
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| Psychological Need | A basic biological or psychological requirement for the well-being of an organism.
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| Drive-Reduction Theory | The idea that a physiological need creates a state of tension (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.
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| Homeostasis | The body's tendency to maintain a balanced, constant internal state.
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| Incentive | A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior.
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| Yerkes-Dodson Law | The principle that performance increases with arousal only up to a point, beyond which performance decreases.
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| Hierarchy of Needs (repeated term) | Maslow's pyramid of human needs, starting with basic physiological needs and rising to self-transcendence.
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| Stress | The process by which we perceive and respond to certain events that we appraise as threatening or challenging.
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| General Adaptation Syndrome | The body's adaptive response to stress in three stages—alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.
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| Tend-and-Befriend Response | Under stress, people (especially women) often provide support to others and bond with them.
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| Health Psychology | A subfield of psychology that contributes to behavioral medicine, exploring the connections between psychological factors and physical health.
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| Psychoneuroimmunology | The study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes affect the immune system and health.
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| Coronary Heart Disease | The clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries.
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| Type A | Friedman and Rosenman's term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people.
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| Type B | Friedman and Rosenman's term for easygoing, relaxed people.
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| Catharsis | The emotional release provided by an aggressive or emotional outpouring.
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