Developmental Psychology
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| The first two weeks of development after conception; characterized by rapid cell division and the beginning of cell differentiation | Germinal period
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| Approximately the third through the eighth week after conception, the period during which the basic forms of all body structures develop | Embryonic period
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| The ninth week after conception until birth, the period during which the organs of the developing person grow in size and mature in functioning | fetal period
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| Beginning about a week after conception, the burrowing of the organism into the lining of the uterus, where it can be nourished and protected during growth | Implantation
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| Agents and conditions, including viruses, drugs, chemicals, stressors, and malnutrition, that can impair prenatal development and lead to birth defects or even death | teratogens
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| Teratogens that can harm the prenatal brain, affecting the future child's intellectual and emotional functioning | behavioral teratogens
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| The condition whereby a teratogen is relatively harmless in small doses but becomes harmful once exposure reaches a certain level | Threshold effect
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| The condition whereby the risk of a teratogen causing harm increases when it occurs at the same time as another teratogen of risk | Interaction effect
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| A disorder that results from damage to the brain's motor centers; difficulty with muscle control, which can affect speech or other body movements | Cerebral Palsy
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| The biological protection of the brain when malnutrition temporarily affects body growth | Head-sparing
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| The great increase in the number of dendrites that occurs in an infant's brain over the first two years of life | transient exuberance
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| Causes babies to turn their mouths toward anything that brushes the cheeks | rooting reflex
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| The infant senses motion, sucking, noise, and on, and tries to understand them | Primary circular reactions
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| The infant is responsive to other people and to toys and other objects that can be manipulated | Secondary circular reactions
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| The infant explores a range of new activities, varying responses as a way of learning about the world | Tertiary circular reactions
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| The process of getting used to an object or event through repeated exposure to it | Habituation
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| A perspective that compares human thinking processes, by analogy, to computer analysis of data, including sensory input, connections, stored memories, and output | information processing theory
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| An opportunity for perceptions and interaction that is offered by people, places, and objects in the environment | affordance
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| Perception that is primed to focus on movement and change | Dynamic perception
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| A perceptual experience that helps a person recollect an idea or experience, without testing whether the person remembers it at the moment | reminder session
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| Chomsky's term for a hypothesized brain structure that enables humans to learn language, including the basic aspects of grammar, vocabulary, and intonation | language acquisition device
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