Practice Quiz
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | T
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| Myelin is composed largely of carbohydrates. Group of answer choices True False | show 🗑
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| show | Potassium
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| What are the three general functions of the nervous system? Group of answer choices Sensory, motor, and predictive Integrative, motor, and sensory Predictive, manipulative, and integrative Reflexive, sensory, and predictive | show 🗑
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| show | When EPSPs exceeds IPSPs
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| show | F
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| What is the correct sequence of events that occurs along an axon after the membrane reaches threshold? The membrane depolarizes. Sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward. The membrane repolarizes. Potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward. Group of answer choices 3, 2, 4, 1 2, 1, 4, 3 1, 2, 4, 3 4, 1, 3, 2 | show 🗑
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| Enkephalins are neuropeptides. Group of answer choices True False | show 🗑
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| Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appear__________. Group of answer choices white gray brown transparent | show 🗑
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| show | controls the movement of muscles
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| show | Na+ channels open and Na+ ions diffuse into the cell.
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| show | Layers of lipids and proteins that wrap around an axon.
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| What is the function of sensory receptors? Group of answer choices To send signals from the brain to muscles To work with muscles to generate motion To detect changes in and outside the body To act as a pathway between the ascending and descending tracts within the spinal cord | show 🗑
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| show | A cell body
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| If a resting potential becomes more negative, the membrane is said to be__________. Group of answer choices depolarized hyperpolarized repolarized summated | show 🗑
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| show | calcium ions
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| Presynaptic neurons release neurotransmitters by the process of__________. endocytosis exocytosis diffusion active transport | show 🗑
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| show | F
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| show | Neurons and neuroglia
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| Which cells produce myelin in the brain and spinal cord? Schwann cells Astrocytes Microglia Oligodendrocytes | show 🗑
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| A neuron in the aorta detects oxygen content in the blood and relays this information to the brain. This neuron is an__________ fiber in the__________ nervous system. efferent; somatic efferent; autonomic afferent; autonomic afferent; somatic | show 🗑
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| show | Neurotransmitters won’t be released into the synapse.
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| show | depolarized
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| show | Dopamine, serotonin, and epinephrine
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| show | An initial flow of sodium ions into the neuron causes the opening of more voltage-gated sodium channels, rapidly causing more sodium to enter.
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| What disorder involves an immune response that affects the myelin coating on axons throughout the spinal cord and brain, triggering inflammation and leaving scars? Muscular dystrophy Multiple sclerosis Alzheimer disease Cerebrovascular accident | show 🗑
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| How many axons and/or dendrites can a neuron have? One axon and many dendrites One dendrite and many axons No dendrites and many axons No axons and many dendrites | show 🗑
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| show | thick and myelinated
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| Which of the following neuroglia are not part of the CNS? Ependymal cells Astrocytes Satellite cells Microglia | show 🗑
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| If a neuron is stimulated causing changes in the membrane potential to the point where voltage-gated Na+ channels open and begin depolarizing the cell, the neuron is said to have reached__________. recruitment threshold summation tetanus | show 🗑
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| A neuron receives a stimulation that causes Cl- channels to open, resulting in a hyperpolarization of the neuronal membrane. This is an example of what type of potential? Facilitated potential Resting potential Excitatory postsynaptic potential Inhibitory postsynaptic potential | show 🗑
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| show | Dopamine
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| A test organism develops a genetic mutation that causes neurons to develop without synaptic knobs. How will this impact neuronal function? Signal transduction down the axon will be interrupted, so the signal will not “jump” the synapse and reach the postsynaptic neuron. The dendrites of the postsynaptic neurons will have no means to attach to presynaptic axons. No neurotransmitters will be stored or released into the synapse to signal the postsynaptic neuron. | show 🗑
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| Which of the following cells is found only in the PNS? Oligodendrocyte Astrocyte Microglial cell Schwann cell | show 🗑
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| show | Repolarization will still occur, but at an inefficiently slow rate.
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| What is the effect of drugs that inhibit the enzyme monoamine Increased activity of norepinephrine Decomposition of norepinephrine Decreased activity of serotonin Decomposition of serotonin | show 🗑
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| show | A neurotransmitter that has already been released into the synaptic cleft is taken back into the presynaptic neuron.
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| What cytoplasmic extensions, together with the cell body, provide the main receptive surfaces for neurons? Neurofibrils Chromatophilic substance (Nissl bodies) Axons Dendrites | show 🗑
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| A myelinated nerve fiber is_________, whereas an unmyelinated nerve fiber is_________. gray; white white; black white; gray gray; black | show 🗑
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| show | F
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| show | F
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| Sensory receptors are part of the CNS. True False | show 🗑
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| show | The faster nerve fiber is myelinated and the slower one is not.
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| show | Chromatophilic substance
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| show | motor neurons
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| show | T
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| The somatic nervous system controls voluntary actions and the autonomic nervous system oversees involuntary actions. True False | show 🗑
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| show | acetylcholine
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| show | 15 milliseconds
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| Axon branches are called collaterals. True False | show 🗑
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| Most of the neurons in the brain and spinal cord are__________. bipolar unipolar multipolar nonpolar | show 🗑
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| How are action potentials related to impulses conducted along the length of an axon? Many impulses are required to cause one action potential. Active transport of Na+ and K+ is required for impulse conduction but not for an action potential. Impulses are stronger responses than action potentials. Propagation of a series of action potentials along a nerve fiber constitutes an impulse. | show 🗑
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| Clusters of neuron cell bodies in the PNS are called__________. neuromas axons ganglia nuclei | show 🗑
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| In Guillain-Barre syndrome, the immune system attacks and degrades the myelin sheath of PNS axons. Predict the effect this will have on nerve impulse and motor function. The brain cannot generate motor signals for the efferent pathway. The brain will slowly degrade and various brain functions will be lost, including motor functions. Lost insulation from myelin will cause neurons of the PNS to lose saltatory conduction, resulting in poor muscle function. | show 🗑
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| Viagra is a drug used to treat erectile dysfunction by dilating arteries in the penis. To do so, Viagra affects the neurotransmitter__________. acetylcholine nitric oxide serotonin histamine | show 🗑
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| In order for a severed peripheral nerve to regenerate and recover its original function, nerve fibers must sprout and enter tubes formed by__________. connective tissue former axons myelin Schwann cells | show 🗑
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| show | T
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| show | The postsynaptic neuron is inhibited from generating action potentials.
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| show | F
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| show | axons
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| show | A decrease in pain
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| show | Neurofibrils
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| show | F
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| show | CNS: brain, oligodendrocytes, interneurons
PNS: thermoreceptors, satellite cells, motor neurons
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| show | Sensory neurons
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| A neuron receives a series of stimuli that increases the membrane permeability of Na+, but not enough to cause membrane potential to surpass -55mV. This neuron is said to be__________ because it received a subthreshold stimuli. graded amplified facilitated refractory | show 🗑
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| Interneurons are specialized to carry impulses from receptor cells into the brain or spinal cord. True False | show 🗑
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| What structural type of neuron has a single process that extends from the cell body? Unipolar neuron Bipolar neuron Multipolar neuron | show 🗑
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| A drug that increases the action of serotonin by keeping serotonin in the synapse longer is most likely used to treat what disorder? Multiple sclerosis Tay-Sachs disease Clinical depression Erectile dysfunction | show 🗑
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| When ten or more pre-synaptic neurons conduct impulses to five or fewer post-synaptic neurons, the conduction pattern is said to be__________. divergent emergent hyperpolarizing convergent | show 🗑
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| show | F
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| Saltatory conduction__________. occurs only if the myelin sheath is continuous occurs only if nodes of Ranvier are lacking is faster than conduction on an unmyelinated fiber is slower than conduction on an unmyelinated fiber | show 🗑
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| What is convergence? Dendrites from neurons in different parts of the nervous system contact the same neuron. Axons from neurons in different parts of the nervous system contact the same neuron. Dendrites from the same neuron touch each other. A neuroglial cell contacts many neurons. | show 🗑
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| How do diverging axons amplify an impulse? By stimulating many neurons By returning the impulse to the neuron of origin By splitting into multiple axons By stimulating themselves | show 🗑
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| A mixed nerve includes different neuroglial cells. True False | show 🗑
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| show | The human nervous system has receptors for endorphins.
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| show | Axons of the CNS lack a neurilemma.
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| In convergence, two or more incoming fibers stimulate a single neuron, whereas in divergence, impulses leaving a single neuron stimulate several other neurons. True False | show 🗑
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| How is an impulse transmitted from one neuron to another? An impulse stimulating a presynaptic axon causes the release of neurotransmitters into a synaptic cleft. A neurotransmitter traveling from presynaptic dendrites crosses the synapse to postsynaptic axons or a cell body. A neurotransmitter traveling from postsynaptic axons crosses the synapse to presynaptic dendrites or a cell body. | show 🗑
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| What types of neurons are organized into neuronal pools? Interneurons Intraneurons Schwann cells Astrocytes | show 🗑
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| show | lipids
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| Each neuron in the CNS may receive input from which structure(s)? From a single axon From a single dendrite From ten dendrites From thousands of axons | show 🗑
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Created by:
nursingmvc25