Chap 5-7 exam
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| The shift of the characteristic x ray spectrum to higher energy occurs because of which of the following | an increase in target atomic number
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| If an average radiographic technique is used | most x rays are bremsstrahlung
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| When projectile electron energy is increased | more bremsstrahlung x rays are produced
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| A technique using high kVp (70 or above) would result in _______ compared to a low kVp technique. | decreased absorption by the patient and increased production of scatter radiation
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| During the Compton effect most of the incident x ray energy is given to which of the following | scattered x ray
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| When the kVp is increased, x ray quantity | increases in proportion geometrically
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| What occurs when the small rather than the large cathode coil is energized | smaller effective focal spot
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| When the mAs is increased, x ray quantity | increases proportionately
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| The kinetic energy of a projectile electron can be measured in | volts
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| The amplitude of the bremsstrahlung x ray emission spectrum | has average value at energy approximately one third of the kVp
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| Secondary ionization can occur as the result of | photo-electric effect
compton effect
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| X rays are produced when | projectile electrons interact with target atoms
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| Effective compensation for the anode heel effect would involve positioning: | the thinnest portion of the part under the anode
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| Which of the following occurs in a Compton interaction | an atom is ionized
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| The HVL is affected principally by a change in which of the following | kVp
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| The anode heel effect cause the intensity of the x-ray beam to be great at the | cathode end of the beam
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| The photoelectric effect is | the complete absorption of an x ray with the subsequent emission of an electron
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| A technique using high kVp (80 or above) would result in _______ compared to a low kVp technique. | decreased absorption by the patient and increased production of scatter radiation
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| Molybdenum has a lower atomic number than tungsten; therefore, the molybdenum x ray emission spectrum (graph) | has lower amplitude
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| Which of the following does not affect x ray quantity | radioactivity
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| The power of x ray exposure is best represented by | the area under the emission spectrum
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| Characteristic x rays | are characteristic of target Z number
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| What is produced when the projectile electron excites an outer shell electron | heat
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| A representative radiographic tube has 0.5 mm Al inherent filtration and 2.0 mm Al added filtration. Therefore: | an additional 1.0 mm Al filtration will harden the x ray beam
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| Which of the following is not one of the five basic x ray interactions with matter | bremsstrahlung
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| The continuous x ray emission spectrum principally depends on which of the following | projectile electron energy
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| If radiographic technique in a tungsten target at 60 kVp/80 mAs is changed to 80 kVp/80 mAs | the number of x rays produced increases
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| Compton effect is most common in what kVp ranges? | 70 or higher kvp
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| An increase in mAs will increase | x ray quantity
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| Both the shape and the position of the characteristic x ray emission spectrum | correspond to target electron binding energies
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| Useful characteristic x rays are produced in tungsten | by removal of a K shell electron
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| The output intensity of an x ray tube | is primarily due to bremsstrahlung x rays
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| The energy of characteristic x rays increases with increasing | atomic number of target material
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| Differential absorption | is the difference between absorbed and transmitted x-rays
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| The inherent filtration in a general purpose radiographic x ray tube is usually equivalent to | 0.5 mm Al
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| Minimum wavelength of a photon is related to | the kinetic energy of the projectile electron
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| Which of the following statements applies to the x ray emission spectrum | the target material affects the amplitude of bremsstrahlung x rays
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| When filtration is added to an x ray tube, which of the following increases | radiation quality
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| An increase in kVp results in an increase in | radiation quality
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| Anatomic structures that readily (easily) transmit x rays are | radiolucent
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| When distance is increased, x ray quantity at that distance | decreases in proportion to distance squared
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| The kinetic energy of the projectile electron in an x-ray tube | is about 1% efficient in the production of x-rays
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| The quality of an x ray beam is principally a function of which of the following | kVp
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| In a tungsten x ray tube operated at 90 kVp, the most abundant x ray would be a | 30 keV bremsstrahlung x ray
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| _____ is the phenomenon that occurs around the filament during thermionic emission and prevents the further escape of electrons from the filament. | Space charge effect
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| Another meaning of x ray quantity is x ray | intensity
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| Which characteristic is reduced as x ray energy increases | x ray wavelength
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| When filtration is added to a normally filtered x ray beam, the x ray emission spectrum will | decrease in amplitude
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| Bremsstrahlung radiation is produced by | conversion of incident electron kinetic energy to electromagnetic energy
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| When characteristic x rays are produced the energy of the x rays is characteristic of | the atomic number of the target
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