Soc Psych Exam 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | quick, automatic, and often unconscious evaluations or decisions that individuals make about others or situations based on limited information
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| Snap judgement example | show 🗑
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| Thin slices | show 🗑
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| What are two dimensions that people use when making snap judgements about others | show 🗑
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| show | a face with an angular, prominent chin
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| Covariation principle | show 🗑
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| show | a type of covariation information: whether most people would behave the same way or differently in a given situation
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| What principle helps explain how individuals attribute the causes of others' behavior to either internal or external factors | show 🗑
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| show | a STABLE characteristic of an individual's overall evaluation of themselves
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| State Self esteem | show 🗑
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| Low Self-esteem individuals have | show 🗑
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| Self protected | show 🗑
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| Emotional Volattility | show 🗑
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| Why do we care about self esteem | show 🗑
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| Who came up with the Sociometer Theory | show 🗑
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| Sociometer Theory | show 🗑
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| The gas gage | show 🗑
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| show | you're driving well
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| The gas gage when self esteem is low | show 🗑
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| show | Crokeretal 1990s
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| Self enhancement | show 🗑
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| show | focuses on people's efforts to maintain self-worth when they are getting feedback that threaten their positive view of themself
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| show | three kinds of interrelated positive illusions that can serve a variety of COGNITVE, AFFECTIVE, and SOCIAL FUNCTIONS
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| show | positive illusions
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| show | overestimate
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| show | underestimate
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| We tend to think that good things are going to happen | show 🗑
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| show | sudden medical issues, laid off a job
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| show | mental tricks we use to help us believe things we want to believe
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| show | 1. Skeptical of negative feedback but not positive feedback
2. Selective attention and memory
3. Good vs. Bad is relative
4. Positive traits are unusual and negative traits are common
5. Slippery definition of positive traits
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| show | Ex. inquire a professor about bad grades but not with good grades
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| show | remember good things better than we remember bad things
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| Good vs. Bad is relative | show 🗑
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| show | comparing yourself to someone who makes less money than you
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| Positive traits are unusual example | show 🗑
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| show | I can sing, not a lot of people can
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| show | we have an ideal of who we are, so we morph that trait to perceive who we are
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| Example of slippery definitions of positive traits | show 🗑
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| Who came up with the consequences of self esteem pursuit | show 🗑
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| show | EGOsystem motivation
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| 5 consequences of self esteem pursuit | show 🗑
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| show | choose what is easy over what is difficult
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| show | choosing a class that is an easy A rather than enrolling in a more difficult class
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| Compromises autonomy | show 🗑
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| Example of compromises autonomy | show 🗑
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| show | may begin to see close others as competition
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| Harmful to death | show 🗑
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| Solution of consequences of self esteem pursuit | show 🗑
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| ECOsystem motivation | show 🗑
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| show | self evaluation
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| Self verification | show 🗑
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| In self verification, we tend to interact with.... | show 🗑
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| What is a cognition focused process | show 🗑
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| Self monitoring | show 🗑
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| show | -read non verbal behavior
-concerned with acting appropriately rather than authenticity
-different friends for different activities (not many close friends)
-closeness/intimacy is difficult
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| Low self monitors | show 🗑
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| Causal attribution | show 🗑
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| Internal attribution: | show 🗑
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| show | something outside of the person is affecting their behavior
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| show | Kelley, 1973
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| Covariation theory | show 🗑
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| Consensus | show 🗑
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| show | external situation
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| Low consensus | show 🗑
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| Distinctiveness | show 🗑
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| High distinctiveness | show 🗑
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| show | internal behavior
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| High consistency | show 🗑
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| Low consistency | show 🗑
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| Counterfactual information | show 🗑
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| What is this: you're on an airplane and the door pops open. You were originally supposed to be on a different flight | show 🗑
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| We make _________ when establishing attributions | show 🗑
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| Error types | show 🗑
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| show | when bad things happen, we make external attributiuons
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| Fundamental attribution error | show 🗑
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| show | teacher sees student consistently come late to class but can't see what may be causing it such as long commute or having a child
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| What error has cultural differences | show 🗑
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| show | making external attributions for yourself and internal attributions for someone else
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| Self centered attribution bias | show 🗑
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| Defensive attributions | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Understanding
2. Self Evaluation
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| Understanding: | show 🗑
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| Self evaluation: | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Temporal
2. Downward
3. Upward
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| show | seeing where you are in comparison to others
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| show | leading to positive self enhancement
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| Upward | show 🗑
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| Emotional Amplification | show 🗑
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| show | Emotional amplification
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| 5 Attributional Biases | show 🗑
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| Jack is crying at work. In order to make a dispositional attribution about Jack-that he has a tendency to cry easily-what covariance information must be selected? | show 🗑
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| show | a type of order effect where the information presented FIRST in a body of evidence has a disproportionate influence on judgement
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| show | A type of order effect whereby the information presented LAST in a body of evidence has a disproportionate influence on judgment
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| show | the influence on judgement resulting from the way information is presented, including the words used to describe the information or the order in which it is presented
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| show | Primacy
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| show | form of framing that varies the content, not just the order, of what is presented
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| show | spin framing
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| show | positive frame
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| show | negative frame
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| Temporal | show 🗑
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| show | present focused framing
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| "I want to be healthier, so I'll start exercising next week" | show 🗑
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| show | spin framing
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| "get beach ready" | show 🗑
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| show | Temporal framing
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| show | events that are closer at hand are thought of in concrete detail
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| show | number of reckless drivers in the city
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| show | people will scrutinize information that does not support their beliefs
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| show | “Data-driven” mental processing, in which an individual forms conclusions based on stimuli encountered in the environment
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| Top down processing | show 🗑
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| Priming | show 🗑
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| show | priming
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| show | This demonstrated that subtle exposure to certain stimuli (in this case, words related to old age) could influence behavior without participants being consciously aware of it.
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| Recent activation | show 🗑
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| show | recent activation
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| Frequent activation | show 🗑
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| show | we can prime people to make a schema more accessible at a given moment
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| what is activated when you prime people with dollar signs | show 🗑
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| What would lead to an increased likelihood of a schema being activated | show 🗑
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| show | Operates quickly and automatically, is based on associations, and performs many of its operations simultaneously - in parallel
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| Rational System | show 🗑
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| Heurisitics | show 🗑
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| Imagine you meet someone new at a party. Based on their appearance and behavior, you might quickly categorize them into a specific social group or stereotype. If the person fits the prototype of a "jock", you might assume they are more likely to be a coll | show 🗑
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| show | The process whereby judgments of frequency or probability are based on how readily pertinent instances come to mind
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| show | availability heuristic
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| show | biased assessment of risk
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| show | easier to think of examples of what we did to contribute
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| show | the feeling of ease or difficulty associated with processing information
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| show | fluency
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| show | mood
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| show | fluency
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| show | the process where judgements of likelihood are based on assessment of similarity between individuals and group prototypes, or between cause and effect
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| Imagine you meet someone named Alex for the first time. Alex is described as quiet, enjoys reading classic literature, and spends most weekends at home | show 🗑
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| show | frequency or probability of an event occurring within a specific population
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| A strong sense of representativeness sometimes leads us to ignore base-rate likelihood | show 🗑
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| show | cause and effect
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| show | representative heuristic-cause and effect
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| Illusory Correlation | show 🗑
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| show | illusory
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| show | illusory correlation
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| someone might believe that individuals born under the sign of Leo are more likely to be confident and outgoing based on their personal observations. They might remember instances where confident individuals they knew happened to be Leos, reinforcing the p | show 🗑
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| Anchoring and adjustment | show 🗑
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| Imagine you're negotiating the price of a used car with a seller. The seller initially suggests a price of $15,000. This starting point, or anchor, influences your subsequent judgments about the car's value. Even if you know the true market value of the c | show 🗑
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brooke8203