Stack #40838
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| Which is the best statement of the principle of original horizonality? | sediments are deposited as horizontal layers
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| An undeformed sedimentary layer is _____ than the layer above and _____ than the layer below. | OLDER then the layer above and YOUNGER than the layer below
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| The principle of superposition states that | undistrubuted sedimentary layers get progessively younger from bottom to top.
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| The most common fossils in rocks of the past 500 million years are | Invertebrae Shells
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| Fossils are most common in which rock types? | Sedimentary
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| Which is an unconformity? | A gap in the geologic record
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| Which of the following is the smallest division of geologic time? | Epochs
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| When did the Mesozoic era begin? | 250 million years ago
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| Radiometric dating is least useful for dating ______________ rocks | Sedimentary
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| Radiometric dating is possible if a rock contains measurable amounts of | both daughter and parent atoms
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| Which of the following statements is false? | Weathering and erosion are more important in the oceans than on continents
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| If you were to start from the east coast of North America and descend into the Atlantic Ocean, you would travel along the | Continental shelf then the continental slope then the continental rise.
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| In which of the following locations would you most likely find outcrops of basalt on the ocean floor? | on the flank of a rift valley
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| A traverse from North America across the Atlantic Ocean to Continental Europe would reveal that the ocean floor | is approximately symmetric about the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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| Where is the ocean floor deepest? | about 30 km deep
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| Graded beds of sand, silt, and mud deposited on submarine fans are called | turbidites
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| Where does most volcanic activity on the seafloor take place? | Mid-ocean ridges
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| Which of the following is an active continental margin? | the west coast of South America
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| Which of the following best describes pelagic sediments? | deposited far from continental margins, fine grained, settle slowly on seafloor, ALL OF ABOVE!!
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| Which of the following currents erodes deposit fine-grained sediments on the continental slope and rise? | turbidity currents
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| The earths earliest atmosphere most likely did not contain any | unattached oxygen
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| Life's orgin on earth is believe to have been depend on the prescence of | carbon based chemicals, water, energy, ALL OF THE ABOVE
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| The first forms on life on Earth | were prokaryotes
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| The first evidence of fossils that appear to be the remains of living organisms are found in rocks | 3.8 billion years old
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| Unicellular organisms with a membrane bound nucleus that appeared some 2.0 billion years ago are referred to as | Eukaryotes (protistans)
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| The ___________ refers to the sudden appearance of a large number of complex animals at the beginning of the Paleozoic Era | Cambrian Explosion
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| Which statement is correct? | Anaerobic respiration preceded aerobic respiration
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| The Permian extinction | resulted in the extinction of over 90% of marine life and half of the life on land.
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| According to the 'Snowball Earth' hypothesis | ALL OF THE ABOVE
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| The K-T extinction | resulted in the extinction of the dinosaurs
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| What does the elastic rebound theory describe? | the build-up and release of stress during an earthquake
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| Point A, where slip iniated during the earthquake, is called the | focus
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| Point B is called the earthquake (at the surface) | epicenter
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| What is the maximum amount of slip on a fault during an earthquake? | about 10 meters
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| Which statement regarding aftershocks is true? | The # and size of aftershocks both decrease with time.
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| Which type of seismic waves arrive at a seismograph first? | P-waves
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| Which lists the order in which seismic waves arrive at a seismograph station? | p waves> s waves> surface waves
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| Which seismic waves are the slowest? | surface waves
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| An earthquake's Richter Magnitude is based on | the amount of ground movement caused by seismic waves
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| The energy released during a magnitude 8 earthquake is approximately ______ times large than the energy released during a magnitude 6 earthquake | 1000 times
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| What kind of faulting is most likely to cause tsunamis? | thrust mega-thrust
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| Shallow earthquakes less then 20 km deep, are associated with | convergent, divergent, and transform fault boundries
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| What type of faulting would be least likely to occur along the mid-atlantic ridge? | reverse faulting
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| which of the following recent earthquakes killed the most people? | the 2001 Gujarat earthquake, India
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| Earthquakes that orginate at depths greater then 100 km are associated with _______ plate boundries | convergent
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| Which of the following statements about tsumanis is false? | tsunamis are producted by tidal forces, which is why they are also called tidal waves
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| How fast do tsunamis travel across the ocean? | up to 800 km per hour
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| Which of the following statements is the most accurate? | seismic risks can be reduced, but seismic hazards cannot.
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| Which of the following regions has the greatest seismic hazards? | western US
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| Tsuamis can be generated by | undersea landslides, undersea earthquakes, the eruption of an oceanic volcano, ALL OF ABOVE
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| What volcano represents a major hazard to the cities of Seattle and Tacoma in Washington State? | Mount Rainier
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| Where do most basaltic magmas originate? | in the earth asthenosphere
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| Which of the following statements about lava is true? | high temperate lavas are less viscous then low temperature lavas
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| Which of the following lavas will travel downhill slowest? | rhyolite
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| Solidified fragments of volcanic material ejected into the air are called | pyroclasts
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| What type of volcano has the largest and most violent eruptions? | resurgent calderas
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| Huge mudflows made up of wet volcani debris are called | lahars
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| Which of the following gases is the main constitent of volcanic gas? | sulfur dioxide
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| Most of the world's active volcanos are located around the edge of which ocean? | Pacific Ocean
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| The Cascade Volcanoes are associated with a | convergent plate margin
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| Over the past 2000 years, which of the following volcanic hazard has caused the most fatalities? | pyroclastic flows
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Created by:
wabn04