2023- 2024, Motivation
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| Motivation | desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a certain goal
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| Instincts Theory | we are motivated by unlearned factors, shows small fraction and we are more complex than this
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| Drive Reduction Theory | physical drives to satisfaction, homeostatic, does not explain a lot
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| Optimal Arousal Theory | level of excitement drived by activities to achieve level of need
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| Yerkes-Dodson or Inverted U Theory | what level of arousal we need to play our best
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| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - | basic needs to satisfaction five of them
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| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs- Level One | Phsysiological: food, water, breathing homeostasis
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| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs- Level Two | Safety: financial, health, wellness, world is organized
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| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs- Level Three | Loving and Belonging: emotional relationships, loved to be loved, acceptance
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| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs- Level Four | Esteem: respect, self worth, independence
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| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs- Level Five | Self Actualization: full potential
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| Intrinsic Motivation | behaviors are for your own sake, INside
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| Extrinsic Motivation | behaviors are for a reward, EXternal
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| Incentive Theory | operant conditions, rewards and punishments
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| Approach-Approach Conflicts | good good
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| Avoidance-Aviodance Conflicts | bad bad
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| Approach-Avoidance | one good choice, good bad
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| multiple approach-aviodance | multiple good and bad
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| Management Theory | teaching styles related closely to intrinsically and extrinsic motivation
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| X Theory | employees are extrinsically motivated, rewarded with benefits
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| Y Theory | people are intrinsically motivated, to do good work, maslows needs
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| A.L. Washburn | put a balloon in a stomach and pump it with air to stop hungry feeling. Overall found that we feel pain that makes us want to eat
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| Glucose | when you are hungry it is low, hypothalamus signals this
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| Hypothalamus | regulatory of hungry
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| Hypothalamus Lateral | when stimulates causes hunger, (LAT makes FAT)
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| Hypothalamus Lesion | when destoyed you wont want to eat again
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| Hypothalamus Ventrimedial | when stimulates makes you feel full, and the lesion portion will make you feel full
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| Ghrelin | Hormone, GRRRRehlin, secreted by stomach tell you that your hungry
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| Leptin | hormone, fat cells secrete, brain cells tell it to
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| Set Point Theory | your hypothalamus sets your point, whats you to maintain a stable weight.
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| Emotions | response of whole organisms, other to understand psuchological state
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| James-Lang | bodies react first than emotions, does explain how body knows to react. -- first the stimulus and then the response
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| Cannon Bard Theory | both the reaction and emotion occur are same time together
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| Two Factor | physical response and cognitive later
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| Ricket Bridge Study | one sturdy and one rickey bridge, people who were on the scary bridge would misattribute their arousal form of attraction
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| Misattribution of Arousal | perceived though brain stem to source, actually to cause arousal
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| Lazarus | stimulus, cognition, emotion, physical response
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| Low Road | you see=physical response
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| High Road | more thought our reaction
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| Problem Solving or Proactive Thinking | fixing it, this is the healthiest
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| Emotional Coping | escaping or living with it
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| Avoidance | ignoring it
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| Stressor | causes stress response
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| Stress | process of responding to certain events
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| Stress Reaction | physical and emotional response
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| Acute stressor | car crash
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| Chronic Stressor | poverty, illness (long term), unemployment, bullying
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| Daily Hassles | day to day stress, adds up to stress
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| General Adaptation Syndrome | in three stages
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| 1) Alarm Reaction | oh wow, sympathetic/pulse reaction,
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| 2) Resistance | deal with situation, ready to fight, BP and temperature is high, hormones released
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| 3)Exhaustion | stress resource run out, susceptible to illness, BURNOUT
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| Tend and Befriend | person helps another that seeks help, more common with women, men can be socially withdrawn
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| Holmes and Rahe | life changes, proceed to death, individualistic.
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| Polygraph Test | looks at perspiration, heart rate and respiration
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| B Cells | fight bacteria
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| T Celss | fight cancer cells
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| Macrophages | trap and fight
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| Natural Killers | affect by cancer
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| Sleep | periodic natural cause of unconsciousness
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| Consciousness | awareness oneself environment
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| Hypothalamus | onset of sleep
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| Hippocampus | memory region during sleep
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| Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | in hypothalamus in response to light
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| Carcadian Rhythm | biological clock for sleep
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| REM Sleep | rapid eye movement, vivid dream
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| NREM2 Sleep Spindles | rapid burst, rhythmic brain waves active
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| Deep Sleep | slow delta waves, hard to wake up
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| RFM Rebound | increase in length of REM because periods of deep sleep
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| Sleep Stages | 1, 2, 3, 2. REM, 2, 3, 2. REM - deepest sleep at midnight, take 90 mins
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