Forensics final 1

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Question

Answer

A stain can tentatively be identified as blood by:

Luminol, phenolphthalein, benzidine

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Acid-phosphatase is a major constituent of:

Semen

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PSA (p30) is a:

Protein found in seminal plasma

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Buccal cells are obtained from:

Inside of mouth cheek

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If blood is found to have both A and B antigens it is typed as:

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What is true about monoclonal antibodies?

Medicines version of Magic Bullet, produced using multiplying blood cancer cells

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Which of the following statements is false?

Kastle-meyer test is used to determine if blood is human

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People with type O blood have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells.

False

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The clumping together of red blood cells by the action of an antibody is known as:

Agglutination

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A gene pair made up of two similar alleles—for example, AA and BB—is said to be:

Homozygous

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Nonmotile sperm generally survive for up to four to six hours in the vaginal cavity of a living female.

False

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Chromosomes are the fundamental units of heredity

False

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Biological evidence should be packaged in plastic or airtight containers.

False

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In which phenotype pairings can the genotypes of the individuals be directly known?

AB and O

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Aspermia is an abnormally low sperm count

False

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The D antigen is also known as the ________ antigen.

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Luminol can be used at crime scenes to:

Detect traces of blood without compromising DNA typing

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Antibodies are found:

in the blood serum

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One parent is type AB; the other parent is type O. A possible genotype for an offspring is:

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In routine blood banking, which antigen(s) must be determined in testing for compatibility?

A,B,D

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The presence of ________ indicates that a stain is seminal in nature

p30

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Most human cells contain forty-six chromosomes, arranged in twenty-three mated pairs.

True

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An individual who is type O has:

Both A and B antibodies

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The amount of acid phosphatase in seminal fluid is ________ the amount of acid phosphatase in blood.

Greater than

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Type AB blood contains:

Both A and B antigens

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Means to detect the amelogenin gene are included in commercial STR kits used in crime labs because the gene allows determination of:

Gender

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The molecular structure of DNA was deduced by:

Both B and C

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Which nitrogenous base is NOT found in DNA?

Uracil

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The building blocks of the DNA molecule are known as:

Nucleotides

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What is the number of nitrogenous bases needed to code for a specific amino acid?

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STRs normally consist of repeating sequences of:

3-7

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Assume that two strands of DNA have been separated and that the base sequence on one strand is ATGC. State the sequence of bases on the second strand.

TACG

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Which component of DNA forms the backbone of the molecule?

Both A and C

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As currently performed, DNA-profiling technology cannot provide information helpful in:

Determining if an individual carries a genetic defect

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In the PCR process, the first step is to heat the DNA strands. This is to permit the:

Double stranded molecules to separate

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The concept of simultaneously extracting, amplifying, and detecting a combination of STRs is known as:

Multiplexing

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A typical STR DNA type emanating from a single individual shows a ________ band pattern.

Two

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Note that suspect B has only one band in his lane. This is most likely an indication that:

Homozygous

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PCR is a technique that:

can produce many exact copies of segments of DNA

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Which of the following depicts correct base-pairing in DNA?

T-A

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The technology of DNA typing had its beginnings in 1985 with the work of:

Alec Jeffreys

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How many different bases are associated with the makeup of DNA?

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The amount of DNA material required for STR analysis is ________ the amount of DNA required for RFLP analysis.

Less than

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In DNA replication, polymerases:

Help assemble new DNA strands

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How should blood-containing clothes from a victim be packaged?

In breathable paper after its dried

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The rate at which large DNA fragments move through the electrophoretic gel is ________ the rate at which small DNA fragments move through the same apparatus.

Less than

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Whole blood collected for DNA typing purposes must be placed in a vacuum containing the preservative:

EDTA

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DNA is a(n):

Polymer

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The separation of STRs using capillary electrophoresis:

Preferred method, evolved from gel electrophoresis, decreases analysis time

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The discriminating power of mtDNA is ________ the discriminating power of STR analysis.

Less than

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Which is available in commercial form as fertilizer?

Ammonium Nitrate

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Which is a homemade explosive that has been used by terrorist organizations in the Middle East?

TATP

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What is the major advantage of using the vapor concentration technique with gas chromatography?

High sensitivity for detecting volatile residues

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Which is a chemical used to synthesize the explosive TATP?

Hydrogen peroxide

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A fuel can only achieve combustion in:

Gaseous state

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Which is NOT a high explosive?

Black Powder

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Which type(s) of screening and confirmation tests are used for analyzing evidence of explosives?

TLC, MC/GC, Color spot tests

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Most explosives can be recovered from debris for future study by being rinsed with:

Acetone

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What is the concentration at which a vapor-to-fuel mixture in the air is capable of burning?

Flammable range

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High explosives can be classified as either ________ or ________ explosives.

Primary, Secondary

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What is the rapid combination of oxygen with a fuel, which produces a noticeable release of energy?

Combustion

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Hydrocarbon accelerants can be detected by:

Portable detector and dogs

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Arson investigators must work quickly to collect evidence at a fire scene because:

Accelerant in soil may degrade, residues may evaporate quickly and safety requirements

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Which of the following CANNOT be determined from a laboratory examination of evidence recovered from an arson?

Brand name of gasoline

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Which is the most widely used low explosive?

Black powder, smokeless powder

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Telltale signs of arson include:

burn patter, separate points of origin, presence of containers

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Which is an explosive readily detonated by heat or shock?

Primary explosive

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Which is an initiating explosive often used in detonators?

Lead azide

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Which chemical reaction is associated with a fire?

Oxidation

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When investigators search a fire scene, the first focus must be on:

Finding origin of fire

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Many explosives must have their own source of

Oxygen

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Complex chromatographic accelerant patterns can be simplified by:

Mass spec

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Which is a technique used to screen objects for the presence of explosive residues?

Ion mobility spectrometry

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Which instrumentation is considered the most sensitive and reliable for detecting and characterizing flammable residues?

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Which is often used as the explosive core in a detonating cord?

PETN

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