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Forensics final 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A stain can tentatively be identified as blood by: | Luminol, phenolphthalein, benzidine |
| Acid-phosphatase is a major constituent of: | Semen |
| PSA (p30) is a: | Protein found in seminal plasma |
| Buccal cells are obtained from: | Inside of mouth cheek |
| If blood is found to have both A and B antigens it is typed as: | AB |
| What is true about monoclonal antibodies? | Medicines version of Magic Bullet, produced using multiplying blood cancer cells |
| Which of the following statements is false? | Kastle-meyer test is used to determine if blood is human |
| People with type O blood have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells. | False |
| The clumping together of red blood cells by the action of an antibody is known as: | Agglutination |
| A gene pair made up of two similar alleles—for example, AA and BB—is said to be: | Homozygous |
| Nonmotile sperm generally survive for up to four to six hours in the vaginal cavity of a living female. | False |
| Chromosomes are the fundamental units of heredity | False |
| Biological evidence should be packaged in plastic or airtight containers. | False |
| In which phenotype pairings can the genotypes of the individuals be directly known? | AB and O |
| Aspermia is an abnormally low sperm count | False |
| The D antigen is also known as the ________ antigen. | Rh |
| Luminol can be used at crime scenes to: | Detect traces of blood without compromising DNA typing |
| Antibodies are found: | in the blood serum |
| One parent is type AB; the other parent is type O. A possible genotype for an offspring is: | AO |
| In routine blood banking, which antigen(s) must be determined in testing for compatibility? | A,B,D |
| The presence of ________ indicates that a stain is seminal in nature | p30 |
| Most human cells contain forty-six chromosomes, arranged in twenty-three mated pairs. | True |
| An individual who is type O has: | Both A and B antibodies |
| The amount of acid phosphatase in seminal fluid is ________ the amount of acid phosphatase in blood. | Greater than |
| Type AB blood contains: | Both A and B antigens |
| Means to detect the amelogenin gene are included in commercial STR kits used in crime labs because the gene allows determination of: | Gender |
| The molecular structure of DNA was deduced by: | Both B and C |
| Which nitrogenous base is NOT found in DNA? | Uracil |
| The building blocks of the DNA molecule are known as: | Nucleotides |
| What is the number of nitrogenous bases needed to code for a specific amino acid? | 3 |
| STRs normally consist of repeating sequences of: | 3-7 |
| Assume that two strands of DNA have been separated and that the base sequence on one strand is ATGC. State the sequence of bases on the second strand. | TACG |
| Which component of DNA forms the backbone of the molecule? | Both A and C |
| As currently performed, DNA-profiling technology cannot provide information helpful in: | Determining if an individual carries a genetic defect |
| In the PCR process, the first step is to heat the DNA strands. This is to permit the: | Double stranded molecules to separate |
| The concept of simultaneously extracting, amplifying, and detecting a combination of STRs is known as: | Multiplexing |
| A typical STR DNA type emanating from a single individual shows a ________ band pattern. | Two |
| Note that suspect B has only one band in his lane. This is most likely an indication that: | Homozygous |
| PCR is a technique that: | can produce many exact copies of segments of DNA |
| Which of the following depicts correct base-pairing in DNA? | T-A |
| The technology of DNA typing had its beginnings in 1985 with the work of: | Alec Jeffreys |
| How many different bases are associated with the makeup of DNA? | 4 |
| The amount of DNA material required for STR analysis is ________ the amount of DNA required for RFLP analysis. | Less than |
| In DNA replication, polymerases: | Help assemble new DNA strands |
| How should blood-containing clothes from a victim be packaged? | In breathable paper after its dried |
| The rate at which large DNA fragments move through the electrophoretic gel is ________ the rate at which small DNA fragments move through the same apparatus. | Less than |
| Whole blood collected for DNA typing purposes must be placed in a vacuum containing the preservative: | EDTA |
| DNA is a(n): | Polymer |
| The separation of STRs using capillary electrophoresis: | Preferred method, evolved from gel electrophoresis, decreases analysis time |
| The discriminating power of mtDNA is ________ the discriminating power of STR analysis. | Less than |
| Which is available in commercial form as fertilizer? | Ammonium Nitrate |
| Which is a homemade explosive that has been used by terrorist organizations in the Middle East? | TATP |
| What is the major advantage of using the vapor concentration technique with gas chromatography? | High sensitivity for detecting volatile residues |
| Which is a chemical used to synthesize the explosive TATP? | Hydrogen peroxide |
| A fuel can only achieve combustion in: | Gaseous state |
| Which is NOT a high explosive? | Black Powder |
| Which type(s) of screening and confirmation tests are used for analyzing evidence of explosives? | TLC, MC/GC, Color spot tests |
| Most explosives can be recovered from debris for future study by being rinsed with: | Acetone |
| What is the concentration at which a vapor-to-fuel mixture in the air is capable of burning? | Flammable range |
| High explosives can be classified as either ________ or ________ explosives. | Primary, Secondary |
| What is the rapid combination of oxygen with a fuel, which produces a noticeable release of energy? | Combustion |
| Hydrocarbon accelerants can be detected by: | Portable detector and dogs |
| Arson investigators must work quickly to collect evidence at a fire scene because: | Accelerant in soil may degrade, residues may evaporate quickly and safety requirements |
| Which of the following CANNOT be determined from a laboratory examination of evidence recovered from an arson? | Brand name of gasoline |
| Which is the most widely used low explosive? | Black powder, smokeless powder |
| Telltale signs of arson include: | burn patter, separate points of origin, presence of containers |
| Which is an explosive readily detonated by heat or shock? | Primary explosive |
| Which is an initiating explosive often used in detonators? | Lead azide |
| Which chemical reaction is associated with a fire? | Oxidation |
| When investigators search a fire scene, the first focus must be on: | Finding origin of fire |
| Many explosives must have their own source of | Oxygen |
| Complex chromatographic accelerant patterns can be simplified by: | Mass spec |
| Which is a technique used to screen objects for the presence of explosive residues? | Ion mobility spectrometry |
| Which instrumentation is considered the most sensitive and reliable for detecting and characterizing flammable residues? | GC |
| Which is often used as the explosive core in a detonating cord? | PETN |
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