lecture #1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Functional Group | A collection of atoms within a molecules with a common bonding pattern.
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| Arenes | Aromatic hydrocarbon rings like the 6-carbon ring benzene.
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| Alkyl Halide | A carbon based molecule attached to a halogen
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| Halogen | Elements from group 17 (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine)
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| Alcohol | C bonded to the O of a hydroxyl group
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| Hydroxyl group | OH
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| Ether | Two carbons bonded to the same O
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| Amine | Carbon bonded to an N
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| Thiol | C bonded to an SH group
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| Sulfide | Two C's bonded to the same S
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| Carbonyl groups | C=O (carbon with a double bond to an oxygen atom). Because the O is more electronegative in all of these the carbonyl C has a partial positive charge (sensitive and reactive) and the O has a partial negative charge.
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| Aldehyde | One H bonded to a C=O
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| Ketone | two C's bonded to the C=O group
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| Carboxylic Acid | An OH bonded to a C=O (COOH). These are present in organic acids
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| Alkanes | Hydrocarbons with only single bonds C-C and C-H bonds, no functional groups. They can form long and branched chains. They have only sigma bonds. They are saturated (w/H's). The bonds are nonpolar=no H bonds=not water soluble. All tetrahedral angles.
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| Aliphatic molecules | Organic compounds with no rings.
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| Alkyl groups | Derivatives of alkanes missing one H (for example "methyl"=CH3
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| Ring strain | Deviation from the ideal 109.5 degree angles between C atoms results in instability of cycloalkanes. The fewer carbons in a cycloalkane, the less stable (cause the more deviations).
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| Primary carbon | Carbon bonded to just one other carbon.
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| Secondary carbon | Carbon bonded to 2 other carbons
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| Tertiary carbon | Carbon bonded to 3 other carbons
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| Carbon degree significance | The more carbons to which a carbon is bonded, the weaker the carbon's bonds with the H atoms.
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| Stereoisomers | Isomers of spacial arrangement
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| Constitutional isomers | Difference connections between atoms but the same chemical formulas
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| Hydrocarbon Boiling Points | The more atoms in the hydrocarbon, the higher the boiling point.
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| Prefix "iso-" | A branch on the carbon one before the end.
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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Created by:
YaelNoa
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