TSHPS Psychology's Statistics Terms
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| Frequency Distribution | A List of scores ordered (often) from lowest to highest.
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| Histogram | Graphed frequency distribution.
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| The "normal score." | Center of a frequency distribution.
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| Mean | The mathematical average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores.
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| Median | The middle score in a ranked distribution: half the scores are above it, and half are below it.
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| Mode | The most frequently occurring score or scores in a distribution.
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| Normal Distribution | The frequency distribution is shaped like a symmetrical bell, with median, mode, and mean all at the peak.
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| Skewed Distribution | A distribution that is distorted or skewed.
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| Negative Skew | Tail on left, more data on the right than in normal curve, mean skewed to left or lower values.
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| Positive Skew | Tail on right. More data on the left than in normal curve. Mean skewed to the right or higher values.
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| Range | Difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
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| Standard Deviation | Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score of a distribution.
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| 1 Standard Deviation on Normal Curve | 34% of scores.
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| Within 1 SD on NC | 68% of scores .
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| 2 SD on NC | 47.5% of scores.
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| Within 2 SD on NC | 95% of scores.
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| 3 SD on NC | 49.5% of scores.
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| Within 3 SD on NC | 99% of scores.
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| Percentages | Comparative statistic that compares a score to perfect score of 100 points.
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| Percentile Rank | Comparative statistic that compares a score to other scores in an imaginary group of 100 individuals.
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| Inferential Statistics | Statistics that can be used to make a decision or reach a conclusion about data.
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| T-Test | A Test that compares the means of 2 groups.
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| Anova Test | A Test that compares the means of 3 or more groups.
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| Statistical Significance | A statement of likelihood that the difference occurred by chance (p value). Psychology studies must be less than 5% probability of difference occurring by chance.
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