Muscular Tissue
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| What is the characteristic that allows muscles to pull on bones and organs to create movement called? | Contractility
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| Where is skeletal muscle usually found? | Attached to bones
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| Which are long protein cords found in sarcoplasm of skeletal muscle cells? Myofibrils Glycogen Myoglobin | Myofibrils
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| Which protein makes up the thick filaments of a myofibril? | Myosin
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| Within skeletal muscle cells, what extends from one Z disc to the next and constitutes one contractile unit? | Sarcomere
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| What is the ability of muscle cells to shorten called? | Contractility
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| What is a motor unit? | All of the muscle fibers innervated by a single motor nerve fiber
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| Skeletal muscle exhibits alternating light and dark bands called ______________ | Striations
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| A synapse is the point where a nerve fiber meets a target cell. When the target cell is a muscle fiber, this type of synapse is called a __________ junction | : neuromuscular
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| Muscle cells contain __________, a starch-like carbohydrate that provides energy during intense exercise. | Glycogen
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| Resting membrane potential is which of the following? A distance An amount of liquid A voltage | A voltage
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| In a myofibril, a thick filament is composed of pairs of _____________ molecules intertwined together. | Myosin
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| Excitation involves the generation of action potentials, and occurs in both neurons and muscle fibers. True False | True
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| The portion of a myofibril from one Z disc to the next is called a(n) _______________. | Sarcomere
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| Action potentials spread across the sarcolemma and continue down which structures into the sarcoplasm? | T tubules
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| One nerve fiber and all the muscle fibers it innervates is called what? A ganglion A motor unit A somatic cell A fascicle | A motor unit
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| The prevailing theory regarding muscle contraction is called the ___________ filament theory. | Sliding
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| What is a neuromuscular junction? | A site where a nerve fiber communicates with a muscle fiber
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| Acetylcholinesterase is which of the following? A form of energy An enzyme A neurotransmitter | An enzyme
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| The voltage measured across the muscle cell at rest is about -90mV and is called the resting membrane ______________________. | potential
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| A continuous state of partial contraction of a muscle is called muscle ______________ | Tone
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| A record of the timing and strength of a muscle's contraction is called a(n) | myogram
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| Action potentials cause the opening of voltage-gated sodium ion channels in the_________________ tubules. This leads to the opening of calcium ion channels in the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. | t
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| The minimum voltage necessary to generate a muscle twitch is called the __________ | threshold
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| What does the sliding filament theory describe? | Muscle contraction
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| What type of contraction involves the development of tension but no change in length? | Isometric
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| What is the role of acetylcholinesterase? | It breaks down ACh, ending muscle stimulation.
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| The partial contraction of a resting muscle is known as which of the following? | Muscle tone
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| A myogram is a graph of what? | A muscle twitch
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| Aerobic respiration utilizes what two molecules as fuel to generate ATP? | Fatty acids
Glucose
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| The progressive weakness and loss of contractility that results from prolonged use of the muscles is known as muscle __________ | Fatigue
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| Which type of contraction maintains joint stability and posture? | Isometric
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| Isotonic contraction | This type of contraction is used for body movements and for moving objects.
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| Why does increased oxygen consumption continue after exercise? | To replace the oxygen bound to myoglobin and hemoglobin
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| Aerobic respiration produces Blank______ ATP than glycolysis. | more
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| In high-intensity short-duration exercise, what does muscle fatigue result from? | Increased potassium
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| When lifting something heavy, which type of contraction occurs first? | Isometric
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| Fibers that are well adapted to aerobic respiration are called Blank______ -twitch fibers. | slow
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| Excess postexercise oxygen consumption is also known as which of the following? | Oxygen debt
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| When a muscle is at rest, most of its ATP is generated by Blank______ of fatty acids | aerobic respiration
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| Which of the following is true of endurance exercise? | It increases oxygen transport in the blood.
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| Which describes slow-twitch fibers? | They have a rich blood supply.
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| Which types of muscle tissue are considered involuntary? | Cardiac and smooth
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| What function does increased oxygen consumption after exercise serve? | To allow the conversion of lactic acid to pyruvate and glucose by the liver
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| Where is cardiac muscle found? | In the heart wall only
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| Which occurs during high intensity, short-duration exercises that causes fatigue? | ADP and phosphate accumulation
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| Smooth muscle is named for the fact that it has no Blank______. | striations
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| Resistance exercise causes muscle growth by stimulating which of the following? | An increase in myofibril size
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| Walls of the heart consist of _______ muscle tissue. | cardiac
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| Which describes smooth muscle tissue? | Uninucleate, non-striated
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