PTAS 201 review guide exam 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Electric current | Movement of charged particles through a material
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| Ampere | Measurement of electric current
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| Volt | The electromotive force or pressure sued to produce a flow of electrons
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| Resistance | Ease or difficulty of electron flow through a circuit
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| Ohm's Law | I =V/R; voltage is proportional to current and inversely proportional to resistance
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| Conductors | Substances that lead of electric charge quickly
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| Non-conductors | Substances that prevent the escape of electric charge
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| Semiconductors | Substances that allow some flow of electricity under certain conditions
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| Capacitor | Device for storing electricity
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| Capacitance | Ability to store charge in an electric field
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| Joule's Law | Electric currents cause a rise of temperature in a conductor due to the conversion of electrical energy
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| Anode | Positive pole
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| Cathode | Negative pole
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| Circuit | Path of current from a generating force through various conductors back to the generating source
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| Series circuit | Same amount of resistance
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| Parallel circuit | Resistance is split
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| Direct current | Current flows in one direction
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| Alternating current | Polarity switches from negative to positive and vice versa
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| Monophasic current | Direct current
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| Biphasic current | Alternating current
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| Polyphasic current | 3 or more phases (Russian, interferential)
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| Tetanus | Sustained contraction caused by frequencies above 30 cycles per second
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| Twitch contraction | Single contraction caused by frequencies below 30 cycles per second
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| High voltage galvanic stimulation | Twin spikes of DC current used to treat edema
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| Interferential stimulation | Crossing of 2 pathways through the same stimulator that cause greater depth and greater comfort for pain relief
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| Russian stimulation | High cycle and pulse rate with 10 second on time and 50 second off time for strengthening
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| Strength duration curve | Curve that shows the relationship between the stimulus intensity and the amount of time it is applied
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| Rheobase | Least amount of current necessary to elicit a contraction
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| Chronaxy | The duration required for a stimulus twice the rheobase intensity to elicit a minimally visible contraction
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| UE nerve velocity | 45 to 65 meters per second
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| Accomodation | Phenomenon of normal nervous tissue but not of muscle tissue; use DC continuously on normal nerve and contraction will die out
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| Pain | Multidimensional phenomenon that is caused by actual or threatened damages to tissue
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| Acute pain | Pain of less than 6 months duration; pain that has an immediate onset and resolves
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| Chronic pain | Pain that persists 3-6 months beyond the usual course of the disease
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| Referred pain | Deep pain that arise from the disease of the viscera
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| Phantom pain | Pain in limb that has been amputated
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| CRPS | Complex regional pain syndrome due to overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system
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| Nociceptor | Free nerve ending that respond to pain
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| A-Delta | Myelinated nerves that transmit pain quickly
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| C-Fibers | Small nerves that transmit pain slowly
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| TENS | Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation; device used to manage pain
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| Conventional TENS | Submotor response with 100-150 pulse frequency and 50-80 pulse duration; works with Gate Theory
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| Low frequency TENS | Motor response with 2-10 pulse frequency and 200-300 pulse duration; works with chemical release theory
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| Functions of skin | Protection, sensation, regulation, identity, personal appearance, vit D production
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| Epidermis | Outer layer of skin
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| Dermis | Inner layer of skin; where hair follicles and sweat glands are found
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| Normal healing | Inflammation, proliferative phase, remodeling or maturation phase
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| Primary healing | Edges of wound close together with minor tissue lose
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| Secondary healing | Large wounds with substantial tissue loss
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| Maceration | Softening of skin around the wound
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| Induration | Hardening of skin around an ulcer
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| Indolent | Long standing, slow healing wound
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