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| Dicyclomine (PO) | Bentyl | Anticholinergic; antispasmodic | IBS | Key Side Effects: drowsiness, blurred vision, dizziness
Other Notes: Caution in cardiovascular disease, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, and hyperthyroidism
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| Lubiprostone (PO) | Amitiza | chloride channel activator | IBS with constipation, chronic constipation, opioid-induced constipation | Key Side Effects: nausea, headache, dyspnea
Other Notes: CI in known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction
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| Dexamethasone (PO, IV) | Dexpak, DoubleDex | Corticosteroid | inflammatory diseases, cerebral edema | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use)
Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use
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| Methylprednisolone (PO,IV) | Medrol | Corticosteroid | Inflammatory diseases, COPD exacerbation, asthma exacerbation, acute gout | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use)
Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use
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| Prednisolone (PO) | Orapred | Corticosteroid | inflammatory diseases, COPD exacerbation, asthma exacerbation, actue gout | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use)
Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use
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| Prednisone (PO) | Deltasone | Corticosteroid | inflammatory diseases, COPD exacerbation, asthma exacerbation, actue gout | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use)
Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use
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| hydrocortisone (IV, topical) | Topical: Cortisone, Cortaid IV:Solu-Cortef | Corticosteroid | Topical: Inflammation, rash PO/IV: Acute illness, adrenal insufficiency | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use)
Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use
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| Metoclopramide (PO,IV) | Reglan | Dopamine (D2) antagonist | Gastroparesis, GERD, Nausea, vomiting | Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dystonia, akathisia, EPS, QTc prolongation, diarrhea
US Boxed Warnings: may cause tardive dyskinesia
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| prochlorperazine (PO, PR, IM, IV) | Compazine | Dopamine (D2) antagonist | nausea, vomiting | Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, blurred vision, constipation, QTc prolongation
US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of death in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis
Other Notes: do not administer IV push
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| ondansetron (PO, IV) | Zofran, Zofran ODT | Selective serotonin (5-HT3) antagonist | nausea, vomiting | Key Side Effects: headache, fatigue, constipation, QTc prolongation
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| Promethazine (PO, IM, IV, PR) | Phenergan | Histamine (H1) blocker | motion sickness, nausea, vomiting | Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, QTc prolongation
US Boxed Warnings: potential for fatal respiratory depression in patients < 2 years old; injection can cause peripheral extravasation (preferred parenteral route is IM)
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| Lactulose (PO) | Enulose, Constulose | Laxative | constipation, hepatic encephalopathy | Key Side Effects: abdominal cramps, abdominal distention, diarrhea, flatulence
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| diphenoxylate and atropine (PO) | Lomotil | antidiarrheal | diarrhea | Key Side Effects: nausea, confusion, drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, tachycardia, urinary retention
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