212: Primitive reflexes
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| reflex integration | a movement-based program that helps improve the neurological foundations of sensory-motor development, and the linking up of the brain, using the gentle developmental movements that every baby and infant should learn to make.
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| non-integrated reflexes | - A reflex that outstays its welcome
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| what might an unintegrated reflex signal? | - unintegrated reflex may signal that baby's CNS is damaged, - may also show that this system hasn't taken over sufficiently for the reflex to become a voluntary motor movement.
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| crossed extension reflex stimulus | Pressure to sole of the foot w/LE held in extension. Test both LE
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| crossed extension reflex response | Flexion, ADD, and then extension of the contralateral LE
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| when should crossed extension reflex integrate? | 1-2 months
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| flexor withdrawal stimulus | Noxious stimuli (pin prick or pinch) to the sole of the foot
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| flexor withdrawal response | Withdrawal of stimulated leg. Test both LE
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| when should flexor withdrawal integrate | 1-2 months
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| galant reflex stimulus | Gently stroke along paraspinals on one side
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| Galant Reflex Response | Lateral trunk flexion on the same side as the stimulus
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| when should Galant reflex integrate | 2-3 months
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| proprioceptive placing reflex stimulus | Pressure to the dorsum of foot/hand, press on edge of a table
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| proprioceptive placing reflex response | Flexion of the extremity above the stimulus followed by extension to maintain position.
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| when should proprioceptive placing reflex integrate? | 2 months
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| neonatal positive support reflex stimulus | Firm pressure to the sole of the foot
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| neonatal positive support reflex response | Co-contraction of LE flexors and extensors, full weight bearing, extended hips & knees
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| when should neonatal positive support reflex integrate | 2 months
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| suck-swallow reflex | placing a finger in infants mouth should result in rhythmical sucking
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| when should suck-swallow reflex integrate? | 2-5 months
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| rooting reflex stimulus | brush finger along side of face, lips to cheek
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| rooting reflex response | turning head to same side with mouth open
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| when should rooting reflex integrate | 3 months
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| ATNR stimulus | Turn head slowly to one side and hold with the jaw over the shoulder
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| ATNR response | Arm on jaw side extend, arm on skull side flex
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| when does ATNR (asymmetrical tonic neck reflex) begin | birth-2 months
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| When does ATNR integrate? | 4-6 months
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| palmar grasp reflex | placing index finger into infants hand from ulnar side causes flexion of fingers around examiners finger
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| when does palmar grasp reflex begin | birth-2 months
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| when does palmar grasp reflex integrate | 4-7 months
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| moro reflex stimulus | From supported position allow head to drop 20-30 degrees, stretching neck muscles
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| moro reflex response | ABD of UE with extension of elbows, wrists and fingers followed by ADD, flexion & cry
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| When does the moro reflex integrate? | 5-6 months
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| Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex | place baby in prone or supine, prone positioning will cause flexor tone, supine positioning will cause extensor tone
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| when does tonic labyrinthine reflex integrate? | 6 months
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| Plantar Grasp Reflex | pressure applied to ball of foot under toes causes flexion of toes around examiners finger
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| when does plantar grasp reflex integrate? | 9 months
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| STNR (symmetrical tonic neck reflex) stimulus | Examiner passively flexes and extends the head and neck
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| STNR response | Flexion of the head and neck cause UE flexion and LE extension. Extension of head and neck cause UE extension and LE flexion
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| when does STNR reflex appear | 4-6 months
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| When does the STNR reflex integrate? | 8-12 months
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| landau reflex | holding baby in prone suspension will result in Progressive extension starting with the neck, then back, then hips
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| When does the landau reflex appear? | 4 months
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| When does the Landau reflex integrate? | 18 months
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