Brain+Cranial Nerves
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | ectoderm
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| ECTODERM | show 🗑
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| MESODERM | show 🗑
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| ENDODERM | show 🗑
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| show | 1.Brainstem
2.Cerebellum
3.Diencephalaon
4.Cerebrum
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| These are the layers of connective tissue | show 🗑
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| show | Brainstem
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| Which brain part is posterior to brainstem? | show 🗑
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| show | Diencephalon
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| Which brain part is largest part of the brain? | show 🗑
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| The brain is protected by ____________, ______________, __________________. | show 🗑
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| show | Cranium
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| show | medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain.
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| These bones of the calvarium only have one quanitity, which bones are these? | show 🗑
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| show | Dura Mater
Arachnoid Mater
Pia Mater
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| show | Dura Mater
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| show | Periosteal layer; Meningeal layer
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| The periosteal layer is _________ and adheres to cranium. The meningeal layer is ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | Arachnoid Mater
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| The Arachnoid Mater consists of the __________ and ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | Pia Mater
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| Brain consumes 20% of ________ and __________ in body | show 🗑
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| show | Blood
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| Blood Brain Barrier is a layer of ______________ and _____________. It allows for selective diffusion. | show 🗑
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| show | fastest
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| BBB never transports __________ and _____________. | show 🗑
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| ______________ is a clear, colorless liquid primarily made of water | show 🗑
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| show | 80-150 mL
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| show | oxygen, glucose and ions
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| show | mechanical protection, chemical protection, circulation
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| show | Mechanical Protection
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| In CSF this function maintains normal chemical environment and essential in producing neuronal signals | show 🗑
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| show | Circulation
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| The Brainstem is composed of ________, _____________, and ____________. All three parts contain _____________. | show 🗑
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| In the brainstem, what is the web of grey and white matter? | show 🗑
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| The Medulla Oblongata contains all _____________ and _____________ tracts of CNS | show 🗑
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| The Medulla Oblongata is continuous with the spinal cord __________ and pons ____________. | show 🗑
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| What are the anterior bulges in medulla? | show 🗑
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| Pyramids are formed by?? | show 🗑
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| show | right to left/left to right and 90% of tracts move to opposite side.
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| Medulla also contains ________ (group of neuronal somas) | show 🗑
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| Nuclei control vital body functions such as: | show 🗑
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| show | Gracilis nucleus – dorsal column medial lemniscus of LE
Cuneate nucleus – dorsal column medial lemniscus of UE
Gustatory nucleus – taste
Cochlear nucleus – hearing
Vestibular nucleus – body position
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| (in brainstem) The nuclei of Cranial Nerves: | show 🗑
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| show | nuclei, tracts
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| Pons Connects the _________ to ___________ + Connects the two __________ hemispheres | show 🗑
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| show | ventral, dorsal
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| Which region of the pons contain the nuclei? | show 🗑
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| Which region of the pons contains the ascending and descending tracks? | show 🗑
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| Pons contains the following nuclei: | show 🗑
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| The midbrain extends from _________ to ________________. | show 🗑
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| show | Cerebral peduncles, Tectum
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| Cerebral peduncles – contains the following tracts: | show 🗑
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| Tectum – contains the following tracts: | show 🗑
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| What are the nuclei in the midbrain? | show 🗑
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| The Reticular Formation contains __________ and __________ tracts? | show 🗑
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| show | ascending, descending
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| show | - Consciousness
- Arousal (ascending tract)
- Attention
- Sensory Regulation
- Muscle Tone (descending tract)
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| show | Cerebellum
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| The cerebellum is found ___________ and _______________. | show 🗑
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| The cerebellum has ________ of brain mass but contains half of the ______________. | show 🗑
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| The cerebellum is separated from the cerebrum by the _______________. | show 🗑
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| show | vermis, cerebellar hemispheres, cerebellar peduncles.
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| Which part of the cerebellum is the “worm”, central portion? | show 🗑
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| show | Cerebellar hemispheres, contains anterior and posterior lobes.
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| Which part of the cerebellum attach cerebellum to brainstem? | show 🗑
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| What are the functions of the cerebellum? | show 🗑
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| The diencephalon contains 3 parts: | show 🗑
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| The thalamus comprises ______ of the diencephalon | show 🗑
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| show | Interthalamic adhesion
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| The Thalamus has the ________________ which divide the thalamus into left and right | show 🗑
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| show | Internal capsule
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| show | Emotion and memory (anterior nucleus)
Learning, emotions, memory, cognition (medial nucleus)
Integration of sensory stimuli (lateral thalamic group)
Movement, hearing, and vision (ventral group)
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| show | Arousal (intralaminar nuclei)
Memory and olfaction (midline nucleus)
Regulation center of other thalamic parts (reticular nucleus)
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| The Hypothalmus is composed of four (4) regions: | show 🗑
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| Functions of the hypothalmus: | show 🗑
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| The Epithalmus consists of ____________ which produces melatonin and ____________ controls emotion and olfaction. | show 🗑
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| show | - Blood chemistry
- BBB
- Homeostasis
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| Which brain part is the "seat of intelligence"? | show 🗑
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| show | - External cerebral cortex,
- Internal layer of cerebral white matter and gray matter
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| show | Cerebral Cortex
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| show | - Folds (gyrus)
- Grooves (fissure and sulcus) =Longitudinal fissure – separates the cortex in right and left + Central sulcus – separates cortex into front and back
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| show | Frontal, Parietal, Temporal and Occipital Lobe.
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| show | myelinated axons
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| The cerebral white matter also has ___________, ______________, and _____________ tracts. | show 🗑
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| The Basal Nuclei ( a group of subcortical structures found deep within the white matter of the brain. found near the center of your brain that form important connections) contains Three (3) collective masses of gray matter: | show 🗑
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| {Basal Nuclei} GP + Putamen = __________________ Lentiform nucleus + Caudate Nucleus = ___________________ | show 🗑
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| show | - Regulation of initiation and termination of movement
- Refinement of movement
- Muscle tone
- Automatic movement = “True laughter” + Automatic arm swings
- Cognition: planning, attention, memory, and emotional behavior.
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| show | - Emotions: pain, pleasure, docility, affection, anger.
- Memory processing and storage
- Reward system
- Smell memory
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| Components of limbic system: | show 🗑
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| show | Sensory Areas
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| show | Motor Areas
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| The brain is separated into areas of different functions, ______________ responsible for integration of complex functions. | show 🗑
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| The sensory, motor, association areas are called “_____________” – Korbinian Brodmann | show 🗑
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| show | Primary Sensory Area (Areas 3, 1, 2)
Somatic sensation
- Primary Sensory Area (Areas 3, 1, 2)=Somatic sensation
- Primary Visual Area (Area 17) =Visual perception
- Primary Auditory Area (Areas 41 and 42)=Auditory perception
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| show | - Primary Gustatory Area (Area 43) =Taste perception
-Primary Olfactory Area (Area 28)=Smell perception
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| show | Primary Motor Area (Area 4)
Movement execution
-Primary Motor Area (Area 4)=Movement execution
- Premotor Cortex (Area 6)=Movement planning
-Broca’s Speech Area (Area 44 and 45)=Production of movements to produce speech
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| show | - Somatosensory Areas= Memory of sensations, position in space, and shape recognition.
- Visual Association Area=Object recognition.
- Auditory Association Area=Recognition of music, speech, and noise.
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| Association areas: (continuation) | show 🗑
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| show | Alpha,Beta, Theta and Delta Waves
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| show | Present in awake individuals.
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| show | Periods of sensory and mental activity.
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| show | Emotional distress.
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| show | -Deep sleep but normal in awake infants.
-Indicates brain damage in adults.
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| What is sudden brain damage? | show 🗑
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| Signs and Symptomps of Cerebrovascular Accident/Stroke are _________________ and ________________. | show 🗑
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| show | brain hemorrhage, embolus, atherosclerosis
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| show | Transient Ischemic Attach (TIA)
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| What is Alzheimer’s Disease? | show 🗑
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| What are the causes of Alzheimer’s Disease? | show 🗑
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Created by:
scarletsailboat