MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF HISTORY
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show | History
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show | events, name, dates
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show | Aristotle
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The word history was used by the Greek Philosopher Aristotle. It meant a ______________ of a _________________, whether or not ________________ was a factor in the account; and that usage, though rare, still prevails in English in the phrase _________. | show 🗑
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History deals with _________ presented in ___________ and often with explanation | show 🗑
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show | may saysay
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show | 1. window to the past
2. helps us appreciate multiple perspectives and interpretations
3. strengthen our critical thinking skills
4. gives us understanding of other people and cultures
5. influential in shaping human affairs
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Enumerate the last three significance of history | show 🗑
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History as actuality | show 🗑
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History as record | show 🗑
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What did James Davidson and Mark Lytle (1982) said about history? | show 🗑
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Individuals who write about history | show 🗑
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show | They seek to understand the present by examining what went before.
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show | meaningful and organized reconstruction of the past
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Why does the question "whose past are we talking about" a basic question historians needs to answers? | show 🗑
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show | To give meaning and impart value to a particular group of people about their past
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show | Through historical sources and evidences.
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show | Interpret these facts
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show | timeline, causes, history
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A historian is a person of his own who is influenced by his own? | show 🗑
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show | True
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show | historical research, methodology, facts, interpretation, writings
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show | In one way or another, history is always subjective
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The historian has to create a? | show 🗑
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Historian has to see things from many many points of view and puts on the different hats of a historian - | show 🗑
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The study of history and methodology of the discipline of history | show 🗑
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show | Historiography is the study of the way history has been and is written -- the history of historical writing
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What did Furay and Salevouris (1988) said about studying historiography? | show 🗑
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show | history, agenda, towards
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Questions of historiography include the following: How accurate can a historian ever hope to be, analyzing past events from the ________________ of the ______________? | show 🗑
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show | gender, age, national, ideological affiliation
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show | prejudice
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show | primary, secondary
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What are the historians' most significant research tool? | show 🗑
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show | Primary and secondary sources
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show | Primary sources
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show | original documents and objects which were created at the time under study
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According to Louis Gottschalk (Understanding History), primary sources is? | show 🗑
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A primary source is _________ of physical object which was written or created during the time under study | show 🗑
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show | content, microfilm/microfiche, digital format, published format
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These are materials produced by people or groups directly involved in the event or topic being studied. | show 🗑
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show | eyewitnesses accounts, diaries, letters, legal documents, official documents (government or private), photographs
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Formally, what are the 8 examples of primary sources according to Torres (2018). (First 5) | show 🗑
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Formally, what are the 8 examples of primary sources according to Torres (2018). (Last 3) | show 🗑
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Examples of Primary sources (First 7) | show 🗑
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show | 8. Original documents
9. Tools, coins, clothing, furniture
10. Audio recordings
11. Government documents
12. Patents
13. Technical reports
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show | 1. Written sources
2. Images
3. Artifacts
4. Oral testimony
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Examining primary sources give you a ____________ of history and the ____________ of the past and can also guide you toward? | show 🗑
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show | interpret primary sources, value to, conjecture, draw conclusion
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show | Secondary sources
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show | primary sources, material
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It interprets and analyzes primary sources. These sources are one or more steps removed from the event. | show 🗑
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Secondary sources may have? | show 🗑
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Examples of Secondary Sources | show 🗑
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show | 1. Paleography
2. Diplomatic
3. Archaeology
4. Statistics
5. Additional technical tools
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It is the study of handwriting, evolution of writing, ability to distinguish the different traditions of writing styles; types of medium utilized; ability to spot fakes; nuances in writing through different periods | show 🗑
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show | Diplomatic
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To ascertain the authenticity and reliability of primary sources to be used in crafting a narrative, a historian needs to employ two levels of historical criticism, namely? | show 🗑
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show | lower criticism
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show | External criticism
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According to Candelaria and Alporha (2018), what are the examples of things being examined when conducting external criticism of a document? | show 🗑
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show | Validity
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show | 1. Authorship
2. Originality and accuracy of the copy
3. Errors
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External criticism is the problem of? | show 🗑
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It is something placed in the wrong time period. | show 🗑
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It is committed when a historian uses a word or a historical concept that is taken out of context and uses it to describe or interpret a past. | show 🗑
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Examples are idiom, orthography, and punctuation | show 🗑
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show | Anachronistic reference to events
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In external criticism, you determine the authors? | show 🗑
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show | Semantics
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It means determining ambiguities | show 🗑
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Refers to the accuracy of the content of a document | show 🗑
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show | 1. truthfulness and factuality of evidence by the author's source
2. context
3. agenda behind its creation
4. knowledge which informed it
5. intended purpose
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show | Credibility
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show | Identification of the author
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In internal criticism, it is a test of credibility by handwriting, signature, and seal | show 🗑
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In internal criticism, it is a test of credibility by the nearness to the event, competence of witness, degree of attention | show 🗑
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In internal criticism, it is a test of credibility by determining if the author consciously or unconsciously tells falsehood | show 🗑
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i.e. historical facts – particulars which rest upon the independent testimony of two or more reliable witnesses | show 🗑
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show | 1. Identification of the author
2. Determination of the approximate date
3. Ability to tell the truth
4. Willingness to tell the truth
5. Corroboration
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The development of Philippine historiography can be traced back during the? | show 🗑
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Who studied the cultures of the early Filipinos and faithfully recorded their valuable observations? | show 🗑
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Why did Friars studied the cultures of the early Filipinos and faithfully recorded their valuable observations? | show 🗑
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show | missionary history
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They can use a postcolonial reading on the documents to eliminate the colonial bias. | show 🗑
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show | 1. Spanish officials in the islands
2. Foreign residents and writers
3. Filipino Ilustrado
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What did United States used as a tool to control their subjects? | show 🗑
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Why did United States used education as a tool? | show 🗑
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These colonial instruments were so ingrained among Filipinos that they perceived their colonial past in two ways: | show 🗑
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show | Balangiga Massacre in Eastern Samar and the Battle of Bud Bagsak in Sulu
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When did the Americans granted our independence? | show 🗑
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Historians during American period can be classified into: | show 🗑
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The stark reality of Filipino historians thinking like their colonial counterparts during the postcolonial period troubled a small group of professors and cultural workers who were mostly alumni of the? | show 🗑
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show | Teodoro Agoncillo
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What are Teodoro Agoncillo's two most celebrated books that focused on the impact of Philippine Revolution? | show 🗑
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show | lost history
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show | passive followers of the Spaniards
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show | Renato Constantino
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show | The Miseducation of the Filipino
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It is a study of the past that sought to analyze society by searching out people's voices from colonial historical materials that typically rendered Filipinos as a decadent, inept and vile. | show 🗑
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It is a college textbook that offered a more critical reading of Philippine history compared to Agoncillo’s History of the Filipino People (1973). | show 🗑
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show | History
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Constantino emphasized that the real mover of history are the? | show 🗑
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show | Zeus Salazar
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show | Pantayong pananaw
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show | Reynaldo Ileto
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show | folk songs and prayers
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His other works spurred new interpretations such as common topics such as: | show 🗑
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show | Pasyon and Revolution
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He is a prolific historian who is best remembered for mainstreaming the role and relevance of Filipino Muslims in the country’s national history. | show 🗑
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show | The Filipino Muslim Armed Struggle
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In his book, Tan attempted to write a national history reflective of the historical experiences not only of lowland Christianized Filipinos but also of the other cultural communities in the archipelago | show 🗑
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show | 1. Political Narrative
2. Colonial Histories in Historical Narratives
3. Elite-centric Perspectives in Historical Narratives
4. Patriarchal Orientation in Historical Narratives
5. Emphasis on Lowland Christianized Filipinos
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Most of our national histories today favour narratives that deal with the political aspects of nation-building such as the legacies of political leaders and establishment of different governments | show 🗑
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show | Colonial Histories in Historical Narrative
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Some historical narratives focus on the contribution of the elite in nation-building such as what the ilustrados (educated Filipinos) fought for in the 19th century | show 🗑
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Most of the country’s historical narratives highlight the heroism of men in different ways: leading revolts and liberation wars against colonizers, championing the cause of independence, and spearheading political and economic development | show 🗑
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show | Emphasis on Lowland Christianized Filipinos
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Created by:
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