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skull positioning for comp

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Question
Answer
Lateral skull positioning   MSP parallel, IOML parallel to long axis of IR, IPL perpendicular to IR.  
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CR entry lateral skull   2” superior to the EAM  
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Eval criteria lateral skull   cranium without rotation or tilt, sella turcica in profile, superimposed orbital roofs, greater wings of sphenoid, EAM and TMJ  
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PA axial skull alternate name   Caldwell  
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Caldwell for skull positioning   MSP centered, pt forehead and nose touch bucky, OML perpendicular  
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CR entry for Caldwell skull   15 degrees caudad exiting the nasion  
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CR entry for Caldwell skull for frontal bone   CR perpendicular  
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CR entry for Caldwell skull for superior orbital fissures   CR 20-25 degrees caudad  
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CR entry for Caldwell skull for rotundrum foramina   CR 25-30 degrees caudad  
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Eval for Caldwell skull   symmetric petrous ridges, no tilt or rotation, petrous ridges lie in the lower 1/3 of the orbits (w/ angle), petrous ridges fill the orbits (no angle)  
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AP axial skull alternate name   Towne  
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Towne skull positioning   TOF at cranial vertex, OML perpendicular to IR or IOML perpendicular (changes tube angle)  
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CR entry Towne for skull   CR enters 2 ½” above glabella, angle 30 degrees caudad when OML perp. Angle 37 degrees when IOML perp.  
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Eval criteria Towne for skull   no rotation or tilt, symmetric petrous ridges, dorsum sellae and posterior clinoid process seen through foramen magnum.  
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What piece of anatomy is used to determine rotation on a Towne skull?   foramen magnum  
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A Towne for skull is done to view:   the occipital bone  
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The Caldwell for skull is done to view:   the frontal bone  
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SMV for skull positioning   vertex touches bucky, MSP perpendicular, IOML parallel to IR  
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SMV for skull CR entry   perpendicular to IOML, midway between the mandibular angles ¾” anterior to the level of the EAM  
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Created by: annaluz87
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