psych 101 exam 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| what is psychology? | the science of behavior and mental process
🗑
|
||||
| what is psychiatry? | the study of the medical treatment of psychological disorders
🗑
|
||||
| what did Rene Descartes think about the soul? | thought the soul was separate from the body, and was not subject to physical laws
🗑
|
||||
| what was the main research technique of structuralism? | using only introspection
🗑
|
||||
| who opened the first psychology laboratory and in what country was it opened? | Wilhelm Wundt, Germany
🗑
|
||||
| who was the founder of structuralism who opened the first psychology laboratory in america? | Edward titchner
🗑
|
||||
| what are the two reasons why introspection was a bad method for studying mental events? | cannot be replicated across individuals, not conscious
🗑
|
||||
| how did functionalists try to understand the mind | determining its purpose
🗑
|
||||
| who was the founder of functionalism and what book did he write | William James. the principles of psychology
🗑
|
||||
| what scientific theory influenced the functionalists? | Darwins theory of evolution
🗑
|
||||
| what is psychoanalysis? | studying mental illness
🗑
|
||||
| what did Sigmund freud think caused mental illnesses? | subconscious conflicts
🗑
|
||||
| what is behaviorism? | relationship between behavior and reinforcement
🗑
|
||||
| who was the founder of behaviorism who conditioned little Albert? | John Watson
🗑
|
||||
| what was the name of the behaviorist who studied operant conditioning? | B.F. Skinner
🗑
|
||||
| what is operant conditioning? | behavior being changed through reinforcements
🗑
|
||||
| why did behaviorism decline in popularity? | inability to provide explanations for psychological phenomena (like language)
🗑
|
||||
| what is the cognitive approach to studying psychology? | to determine how information is encoded, stored, transformed, and retrieved by the brain
🗑
|
||||
| what is the metaphor upon which the cognitive approach relies? | computer metaphor
🗑
|
||||
| what is the evolutionary approach to studying psychology? | developing theories by speculating about the brain structures that would have been useful in the environment when the human brain is evolving
🗑
|
||||
| what does physiological psychology study? | brain mechanisms underlying behavior
🗑
|
||||
| what do sensation and perception psychologists study? | how the nervous system receives / interprets informations from the senses
🗑
|
||||
| what does cognitive psychology study? | attention, memory, language, and problem solving
🗑
|
||||
| what does social psychology study? | how people influence and relate to one another
🗑
|
||||
| what does counseling and clinical psychology study? | mental health problems and vocational guidance
🗑
|
||||
| what is a scientific theory? | an explanation for a phenomenon that can be falsified and that involved entities that cannot be directly observed
🗑
|
||||
| what does it mean for a scientific theory to be falsifiable? | can be proven false
🗑
|
||||
| what is a hypothesis? | a prediction of observable events
🗑
|
||||
| what is a case study? | a description of the behavior or abilities of a single individual; good for generating hypothesis, bad for testing theories
🗑
|
||||
| which school of psychology used case studies as their primary research technique? | psychoanalysis
🗑
|
||||
| what research technique in psychology is most subject to the problem of confirmation bias? | case studies
🗑
|
||||
| what is naturalistic observation? | observes and describes behavior
🗑
|
||||
| what research technique did Jane Goodall use to study chimpanzees? | naturalistic observation
🗑
|
||||
| what are naturalistic observations good for? | answering simple questions
🗑
|
||||
| what is the correlational approach? | the relationship between variables without variables without manipulating them
🗑
|
||||
| what are the two circumstances when a psychologist would use the correlational approach? | when ethical or very difficult to impossible
🗑
|
||||
| what is causation? | a causal relationship exists if a change in one variable results in a change in the other
🗑
|
||||
| can the correlational approach be used to determine if two variables have a causal relationship? | correlation does not mean causation.
🗑
|
||||
| if two variables have a perfect positive relationship, what would be the value of the correlation coefficient for those variables? | +1
🗑
|
||||
| what does it mean if the correlation coefficient between two variables is near 0? | it would be very weak
🗑
|
||||
| what two characteristics must an experiment possess? | independent variable and random assignment
🗑
|
||||
| what is an independent variable? | the variable the researcher manipulates in an experiment (measures)
🗑
|
||||
| what is a dependent variable? | the variable the researcher measures to determine the effects of the independent variable
🗑
|
||||
| what is random assignment? | every person in the experiment has an equally likely chance of being assigned to each level of the independent variable
🗑
|
||||
| in contrast to all other research techniques, what does an experiment allow a researcher to do? | we can come up with a causal relationship between the variables
🗑
|
||||
| what is an operational definition? | defining in terms of the variables being measured
🗑
|
||||
| what is the name of an individual nerve cell? | neuron
🗑
|
||||
| what are the four parts of a neuron and what are their functions? pt 1 | dendrites: receive electrical signals from other neurons
soma (body): contain the nucleus and provides for the life processes of the cell
🗑
|
||||
| what are the four parts of a neuron and what are their functions? pt 2 | axon: carries the electrical signal from the soma to the terminal buttons
terminal buttons: release neurotransmitters that cause electrical changes to the next neuron in the chain
🗑
|
||||
| what is an action potential? | magnetic fields that block the nerves to stop action potentials
🗑
|
||||
| what is the space between the terminal buttons and one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron called? | synapse
🗑
|
||||
| what is a neurotransmitter? | binds to receptors in the dendrites of the next neuron in the chain thereby electrically exciting or inhibiting the next cell
🗑
|
||||
| which part of the brain (hindbrain, midbrain, or forebrain) contains the medulla oblongata and the pons? | hindbrain
🗑
|
||||
| what does the medulla oblongata do? | controls breathing, heart rate, and vomiting
🗑
|
||||
| what does pons do? | regulates sleep and arousal
🗑
|
||||
| what part of the brain (hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain) contains the superior colliculus, the inferior colliculus, and the substantia nigra? | midbrain
🗑
|
||||
| what do the superior colliculus and the inferior colliculus do? | superior colliculus: controls visual reflexes
inferior colliculus: controls auditory reflexes
🗑
|
||||
| what disease involves the death of neurons in the substantia nigra? | Parkinson's disease
🗑
|
||||
| what part of the brain (hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain) contains the cortex, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, and basal ganglia? | forebrain
🗑
|
||||
| what does the hypothalamus regulate? | the "four F's": feeding, fighting, fleeing, and mating
🗑
|
||||
| what does the amygdala do? | controls emotional responses, particularly fear
🗑
|
||||
| what does the hippocampus do? | encodes long term memory
🗑
|
||||
| what part of the brain was missing in HM that led to his problems transferring information from short term to long term memory? | hippocampus
🗑
|
||||
| what do the basal ganglia do? | reward system of the brain
🗑
|
||||
| according to burnham and phelan's theory of how the basal ganglia work, what happens when people have a gain in their material success? | we will continue to strive to improve our material situation
🗑
|
||||
| according to burnham and phelan's theory of how the basal ganglia work, what happens when people experience negative events? | the emotional pain fades question quickly with time so we won't be debilitated by grief
🗑
|
||||
| what is humanistic psychology? |
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
eekell
Popular Psychology sets