anatomy jan 26
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| functions of the skeletal system | support, storage of minerals and lipids, blood cell production, protection, and leverage
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| storage in lipids that represent an important energy reserve in bone occur in areas of: | yellow marrow
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| mature bone cells found in lacunae | osteocytes
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| giant multinucleated cells involced in the process of osteolysis | osteoclasts
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| one of the basic histological differences between compact and spongy bone is that in compact bone the | basic functional unit is the Haversian System
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| spongy/ancellous bone, unlike compact bone, resembles a network of bony struts separated by spaces that are normally filled with: | bone marrow
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| spongy bone is found primarily at the | expanded ends of long bones, where they articulate with other skeletal elements
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| compact bone is usually found where | when stresses arrive from a LIMITED range of directions
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| during intramembranous ossification the developing bone grows outward from the ossification center in small struts called: | spicules
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| when osteoblasts begin to differentiate with a connective tissue, the porcess is called: | intramembranous ossification
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| the process during with the bones begin developmentas cartilage models and the cartilage is later replaced by bone is called: | endochondral ossification
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| the metaphysis is the area where | cartilage is being replaced by bone
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| the bony skeleton begins to form about _______ after fertilization, and usually does not stop growing until about age___ | 6 weeks; 25
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| the process of replacing other tissues with bone is called | ossification
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| as one osteon forms through the activity of osteoblasts, another is destroyed by osteoclasts is: | homeostatic mechanism
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| the condition that produces a reduction in bone mass sufficient to compromise normal function: | osteoporosis
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| the major effect that exercise has on bones is: | it serves to maintain and increase bone mass
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| growth hormone from the pituitary gland and throxine from the thyroid gland maintain normal bone growth activity at theL | epiphyseal plates
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| a fracture that only one side of the shaft is broken and the other side is bent | greenstick
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| a pott's fracture is identified primarily by: | dislocation
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| a fracture that occurs at the ankle and the ankle and affects both bones of the lower leg | pott's fracture
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| long bone | humerus
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| bones forming at the roof of the skull and the scapula are referred to as: | irregular bones
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| storage of lipids in bones occurs in the | yellow marrow
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| of the 5 functions of the skeleton, the 2 that depend on the dynamic nature of bone are | storage and support
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| cuboidal cells that synthesize the organic components of the bone matrix are | osteoblasts
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| in adults, the cells responsible for maintaining the matrix in osseous tissue are the | osteocytes
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| the basic functional unit of compact bone is the: | osteon
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| the expanded region of a long bone consisting of spongy bone is called: | the epiphysis
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| what is the process when when osteoblasts differentiate within the a mesenchymal or fibrous connective tissue | intramembranous ossification
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| the type of ossification that begins with the formation of a hyaline cartilage odel is | endochondral
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| the process which refers specifically to the formatino of bone is | ossification
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| the major mineral associated with the development and mineralization of bone is | calcium
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| the organic and mineral components of the bone matrix are continually being recycled and renewed through the process of | remodeling
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| the ability of bones to adapt to new stresses results fro the turnover of recycling of | minerals
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| the hormone synthesezed in the kidneys which is essential for normal calcium and phosphate ion absorption in the digestive tract is | calcitriol
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| fractures which shatter the affected area into a multitude of bony fragments are | communited fractures
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| fractures which project through the skin are called | compound fractures
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| bones which have complex shapes with short, flat, notched, or ridged surfaces are termed | irregular
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| sutural bones which are small, flat, odd-shaped bones found between the flat bones of the skull are referred to as | wormian bones
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| blood cell formation* | red bone marrow*
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| osteoprogenitor cells* | fracture repair
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| osteoblasts* | synthesize osteoid
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| spongy bones* | cancellous bone
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| soteon* | Haversian system
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| intramembranous ossification* | spicules
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| endochondral ossification* | interstitial and appositional growth
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| osteogenesis* | bone formation
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| bone maintenance* | remodeling
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| thyroxine* | stimulates bone growth
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| rickets* | Vitamin deficiency
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| colles fracture* | broken "wrist"
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| communited fracture* | bony fragments
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| humerus* | long bone
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| fracture that moves in a spinning motion | spiral
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| fracture that protrudes through the skin | open fracture
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| shattered fracture | communited
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| fracture to the head; dented in | depressed
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| osteoblasts within connective tissue secrete | collagen
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| osteoblasts within connecttive tissue become trapped to become | osteocytes
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| spicules (trabeculae) grow into | spongy bone
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| osteocytes occupy | lacunae
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| lacunae are found in | spongy bone and compact bone
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| perichondrion becomes | periosteum
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| periosteum produces | osteoblasts
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| what is parathormone released by? | parathyroid
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| thryoid releases | calcitonin
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| calcitonin causes | a decrease in intestinal absorption of Ca
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| a decrease in intestinal absorption of Ca results in | a decrease in calcium level
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| the lining of the cavity is called | endosteum
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| consist of a bony matrix and are the structural form of a network | trabeculae
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| what are located between the layers of the arm? | osteocytes
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| small channels that the bone cells communicate in | canaliculi
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| disk-shaped cells | red blood cells
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| a large canal located at a right angle to the bone's shaft; also the major communicating pathway between the bone's interior and exterior surface | Volkman's Canal
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| dense tissue surrounding a canal | compact bone
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| a largetube-like canal that runs parallel to the long axis of the bone | Haversian Canal
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| a largetube-like canal that runs parallel to the long axis of the bone | Haversian Canal
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| also known as nerves | blood vessels
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| also known as nerves | blood vessels
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| the Haversian canal is also referred to as an | osteon
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| the Haversian canal is also referred to as an | osteon
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| where are the osteocytes located | in the lacuna
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| where are the osteocytes located | in the lacuna
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| specialized bone digesting cells | osteoclasts
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| specialized bone digesting cells | osteoclasts
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| changing the magnitude and direction of forces generated by skeletal muscles is an illustration of the skeletal function of | leverage
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| changing the magnitude and direction of forces generated by skeletal muscles is an illustration of the skeletal function of | leverage
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| a sesa moid bone would most often be found near | the joints at the knee, the hands, and the feet
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| a sesa moid bone would most often be found near | the joints at the knee, the hands, and the feet
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| what isolates the bone from surrounding tissues, provides a route for circulatory and nervous supply, and actively participates in bone growth and repair | periosteum
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| what isolates the bone from surrounding tissues, provides a route for circulatory and nervous supply, and actively participates in bone growth and repair | periosteum
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| osteolysis is an important process in the regulation of | calcium and phosphate concentrations in body fluids
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| osteolysis is an important process in the regulation of | calcium and phosphate concentrations in body fluids
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| the calcification of cartilage results in the production of | calcified cartilage
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| the calcification of cartilage results in the production of | calcified cartilage
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| in human beings, the major factor determining the size and oroportion of the body is | the growth of the skeleton
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| in human beings, the major factor determining the size and oroportion of the body is | the growth of the skeleton
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