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anatomy jan 26
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| functions of the skeletal system | support, storage of minerals and lipids, blood cell production, protection, and leverage |
| storage in lipids that represent an important energy reserve in bone occur in areas of: | yellow marrow |
| mature bone cells found in lacunae | osteocytes |
| giant multinucleated cells involced in the process of osteolysis | osteoclasts |
| one of the basic histological differences between compact and spongy bone is that in compact bone the | basic functional unit is the Haversian System |
| spongy/ancellous bone, unlike compact bone, resembles a network of bony struts separated by spaces that are normally filled with: | bone marrow |
| spongy bone is found primarily at the | expanded ends of long bones, where they articulate with other skeletal elements |
| compact bone is usually found where | when stresses arrive from a LIMITED range of directions |
| during intramembranous ossification the developing bone grows outward from the ossification center in small struts called: | spicules |
| when osteoblasts begin to differentiate with a connective tissue, the porcess is called: | intramembranous ossification |
| the process during with the bones begin developmentas cartilage models and the cartilage is later replaced by bone is called: | endochondral ossification |
| the metaphysis is the area where | cartilage is being replaced by bone |
| the bony skeleton begins to form about _______ after fertilization, and usually does not stop growing until about age___ | 6 weeks; 25 |
| the process of replacing other tissues with bone is called | ossification |
| as one osteon forms through the activity of osteoblasts, another is destroyed by osteoclasts is: | homeostatic mechanism |
| the condition that produces a reduction in bone mass sufficient to compromise normal function: | osteoporosis |
| the major effect that exercise has on bones is: | it serves to maintain and increase bone mass |
| growth hormone from the pituitary gland and throxine from the thyroid gland maintain normal bone growth activity at theL | epiphyseal plates |
| a fracture that only one side of the shaft is broken and the other side is bent | greenstick |
| a pott's fracture is identified primarily by: | dislocation |
| a fracture that occurs at the ankle and the ankle and affects both bones of the lower leg | pott's fracture |
| long bone | humerus |
| bones forming at the roof of the skull and the scapula are referred to as: | irregular bones |
| storage of lipids in bones occurs in the | yellow marrow |
| of the 5 functions of the skeleton, the 2 that depend on the dynamic nature of bone are | storage and support |
| cuboidal cells that synthesize the organic components of the bone matrix are | osteoblasts |
| in adults, the cells responsible for maintaining the matrix in osseous tissue are the | osteocytes |
| the basic functional unit of compact bone is the: | osteon |
| the expanded region of a long bone consisting of spongy bone is called: | the epiphysis |
| what is the process when when osteoblasts differentiate within the a mesenchymal or fibrous connective tissue | intramembranous ossification |
| the type of ossification that begins with the formation of a hyaline cartilage odel is | endochondral |
| the process which refers specifically to the formatino of bone is | ossification |
| the major mineral associated with the development and mineralization of bone is | calcium |
| the organic and mineral components of the bone matrix are continually being recycled and renewed through the process of | remodeling |
| the ability of bones to adapt to new stresses results fro the turnover of recycling of | minerals |
| the hormone synthesezed in the kidneys which is essential for normal calcium and phosphate ion absorption in the digestive tract is | calcitriol |
| fractures which shatter the affected area into a multitude of bony fragments are | communited fractures |
| fractures which project through the skin are called | compound fractures |
| bones which have complex shapes with short, flat, notched, or ridged surfaces are termed | irregular |
| sutural bones which are small, flat, odd-shaped bones found between the flat bones of the skull are referred to as | wormian bones |
| blood cell formation* | red bone marrow* |
| osteoprogenitor cells* | fracture repair |
| osteoblasts* | synthesize osteoid |
| spongy bones* | cancellous bone |
| soteon* | Haversian system |
| intramembranous ossification* | spicules |
| endochondral ossification* | interstitial and appositional growth |
| osteogenesis* | bone formation |
| bone maintenance* | remodeling |
| thyroxine* | stimulates bone growth |
| rickets* | Vitamin deficiency |
| colles fracture* | broken "wrist" |
| communited fracture* | bony fragments |
| humerus* | long bone |
| fracture that moves in a spinning motion | spiral |
| fracture that protrudes through the skin | open fracture |
| shattered fracture | communited |
| fracture to the head; dented in | depressed |
| osteoblasts within connective tissue secrete | collagen |
| osteoblasts within connecttive tissue become trapped to become | osteocytes |
| spicules (trabeculae) grow into | spongy bone |
| osteocytes occupy | lacunae |
| lacunae are found in | spongy bone and compact bone |
| perichondrion becomes | periosteum |
| periosteum produces | osteoblasts |
| what is parathormone released by? | parathyroid |
| thryoid releases | calcitonin |
| calcitonin causes | a decrease in intestinal absorption of Ca |
| a decrease in intestinal absorption of Ca results in | a decrease in calcium level |
| the lining of the cavity is called | endosteum |
| consist of a bony matrix and are the structural form of a network | trabeculae |
| what are located between the layers of the arm? | osteocytes |
| small channels that the bone cells communicate in | canaliculi |
| disk-shaped cells | red blood cells |
| a large canal located at a right angle to the bone's shaft; also the major communicating pathway between the bone's interior and exterior surface | Volkman's Canal |
| dense tissue surrounding a canal | compact bone |
| a largetube-like canal that runs parallel to the long axis of the bone | Haversian Canal |
| a largetube-like canal that runs parallel to the long axis of the bone | Haversian Canal |
| also known as nerves | blood vessels |
| also known as nerves | blood vessels |
| the Haversian canal is also referred to as an | osteon |
| the Haversian canal is also referred to as an | osteon |
| where are the osteocytes located | in the lacuna |
| where are the osteocytes located | in the lacuna |
| specialized bone digesting cells | osteoclasts |
| specialized bone digesting cells | osteoclasts |
| changing the magnitude and direction of forces generated by skeletal muscles is an illustration of the skeletal function of | leverage |
| changing the magnitude and direction of forces generated by skeletal muscles is an illustration of the skeletal function of | leverage |
| a sesa moid bone would most often be found near | the joints at the knee, the hands, and the feet |
| a sesa moid bone would most often be found near | the joints at the knee, the hands, and the feet |
| what isolates the bone from surrounding tissues, provides a route for circulatory and nervous supply, and actively participates in bone growth and repair | periosteum |
| what isolates the bone from surrounding tissues, provides a route for circulatory and nervous supply, and actively participates in bone growth and repair | periosteum |
| osteolysis is an important process in the regulation of | calcium and phosphate concentrations in body fluids |
| osteolysis is an important process in the regulation of | calcium and phosphate concentrations in body fluids |
| the calcification of cartilage results in the production of | calcified cartilage |
| the calcification of cartilage results in the production of | calcified cartilage |
| in human beings, the major factor determining the size and oroportion of the body is | the growth of the skeleton |
| in human beings, the major factor determining the size and oroportion of the body is | the growth of the skeleton |
Created by:
whitneyy