CT Contrast
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| Iopamidol | ISOVUE. Low-osmolar (LOCM). NON-IONIC. Non-salts that DO NOT dissociate. Less adverse reactions
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| Ioversol | OPTIRAY. Low-osmolar (LOCM). NON-IONIC. Non-salts that DO NOT dissociate. Less adverse reactions
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| Iohexol | OMNIOPAQUE. Low-osmolar (LOCM). NON-IONIC. Non-salts that DO NOT dissociate. Less adverse reactions
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| Diatrizoate | HYPAQUE. High-osmolar (HOCM). IONIC. Salts (sodium/meglumine) that DO dissociate into 2+ ions.
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| Iothalamate | CONRAY. High-osmolar (HOCM). IONIC. Salts (sodium/meglumine) that DO dissociate into 2+ ions.
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| Iodixanol | VISIPAQUE. Iso-osmolar. Same osmolality as blood. Neutral.
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| Fludeoxyglucose (FDG) | F 18. Nuclear Medicine used for PET scans. Typical dose is 10-15 (mCi). Pt's blood glucose must be 150mg/dL or below & have fasted 6-12 hrs prior.
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| .1% Barium Sulfate | VOLUMEN. Neutral enteral contrast. Low density.
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| Biphasic Injection Technique | A higher rate is injected initially, followed by a lower rate. Helps widen the period of optimum peripheral arterial enhancement.
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| Saline Flush | Helps broaden peak enhancement, allows less contrast to be used, & may lessen adverse affects of CM.
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| Corticomedullary (late arterial) Phase | 30-40 sec after injection. Optimal enhancement of the renal cortex /veins. Shows max differentiation b/w renal cortex & renal medulla. Also pancreatic phase.
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| Nephrographic (parenchymal) Phase | 70-90 sec after injection. Visualizes renal parenchyma. Renal cortex & medulla are same = good for parenchymal lesions. Portal opticacification & optimal liver enhancement = assessment of disease spread.
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| Excretory (delayed) Phase | After 3-15 min. CM is excreted into renal calyces, opacifying renal pelvis, ureters, & bladder. Demonstrates filling defects & lesions involving the urothelium.
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| Arterial Phase | 20-30 sec. Maximum opacification of the arterial enhancement.
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| Portal Venous phase | 60-70 sec (45-50 sec) after injection. Optimal gastric/intestinal wall enhancement. & liver parenchymal enhancement.
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| Retrospective Gating | Only data acquired during diastole are used for image reconstruction
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| Prospective Gating | Data acquired in an axial "step and shoot" mode & only during the diastolic portion of the R-R interval
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| Shaded Surface Display (SSD)/Surface Rendering | 3D model of a specific tissue type by limiting the displayed volumetric data, on the basis of an attenuation threshold. Adds color, lighting, & textures.
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| Volume Rendering | 3D tech that utilizes the entire required data set but adjusts the opacity of voxels in the 3D image, according to the tissue characteristics
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| Iopromide | ULTRAVIST. Low-osmolar (LOCM). NON-IONIC. Non-salts that DO NOT dissociate. Less adverse reactions
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