Gestures
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Gestures | often convey a person's true feeling behind his or her words. |
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| Kinesics | the study of the communicative impact of body movement and gesture | head movements, eye behaviors, facial expressions, posture, movements of the trunk, hands, arms, feet, legs and fingers
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| Types of gestures and movements | emblems, illustrators, regulators, affect displays and adaptors. |
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| emblems | speech-independent gestures that have a direct verbal translation, used intentionally, known by entire group | note: the emblem is the action or gesture, the function is substituting
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| types of nonverbal communication | intrinsic, iconic, arbitrary |
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| intrinsic | behaviors that have a direct relationship to biologically shared signal systems |
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| iconic | behaviors linked to a biological system but used purposefully |
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| arbitrary | behaviors created within a social or cultural group |
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| illustrators | help demonstrate what is being said, no meaning without spoken word, usually intentional |
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| 1st category of illustrator-gestures related to speech referent or explanation | movements that illustrate the idea or spoken word | I caught a fish "this big"
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| 2nd category of illustrator-gestures that suggest the sources relationship to the speech referent or explanation | gestures suggest the senders acculturation or attitude to the referent | waving the hand back and forth to say "so-so" or sticking out the tongue as you say "awful"
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| 3rd category of illustrator-gestures that highlight, punctuate or emphasize a spoken word or msg in conversation | raising a finger for each point as we explain it to highlight the idea
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| 4th category of illustrator-interaction gestures that help the source in organizing, managing or directing the conversation | gestures used in conjunction with speech which signal when it's another persons turn to talk or remain quiet | head, hand, eye or body movements that signal or punctuate speech
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| regulators | movements that illustrate the idea or spoken word | unintentional learned behaviors that become ingrained habits
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| turn-taking behaviors | those that the speaker uses to maintiain or yield her or his talking turn and those that the listener uses to request or decline an invitatio to talk | turn-yielding, turn-maintaining, turn-requesting, turn-denying
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| turn-yielding cues | given by speakers who wish to discontinue talking and give the listener the opportunity to take the speaking role. Letting the listener know you are coming to a verbal stop. | body orientation, forward lean, beckoning gesture
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| turn-maintaining | used by speakers who want to continue talking. especially observable when the listener is trying to interrupt. They indicate that you have more to say. | minimum eye contact, increased rate and loudness of speech, holding up your hand to the listener
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| turn-requesting | used by the listener to signal they want to talk | raise hand or finger, straightening of posture
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| turn-denying | listeners use to decline their turn to speak | relaxed posture while remaining silent, positive head nods,
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| affect displays | provide information about a person's emotional state or mood | shown through facial expressions, posture, walk, and other behavior
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| Adaptors | Highly unintentional behaviors that are in response to boredom or stress |
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| self-adaptors | nonverbal acts in which an individual manipulates their own body | nail biting, scratching, rubbing, hair twisting
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| alter-directed adaptors | movements that are designed to protect an individual from other interactants | folding arms in front of self, unconscious leg movements
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| object-focused adaptors | unconscious manipulation of an object | tapping a pen, smoking, twisting a ring around your finger
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| communication styles | the way a person verbally and nonverbally interacts to signal how literal meaning should be taken, interpreted, filtered or understood in the communication process | dramatic, dominant, animated, relaxed, attentive, open, friendly, contentious, impression-leaving
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| dramatic style | masters of exaggeration, tells a lot of stories | use of illustrative behaviors. popularity, attractiveness and status are enhanced by this style
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| dominant style | uses nonverbal cues to dominate listeners | expansive body posture and movements that fill space. seen as confident, conceited, self-assured, competitive, forceful, active and enthusiastic
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| animated style | exaggerated bodily motions and gestures | frequent head nods and smiles
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| relaxed style | collected and calm internally in anxiety producing situations | lack of tension in the body indicates self-assurance
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| attentive style | listening to or receiving messages from others | active listening, forward leaning, head nods and gestures that encourage the speaker to continue. it's all about the other person
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| open style | expansive, unreserved, extroverted and approach- oriented bodily activity | encourages open communication
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| friendly style | absence of hostility to signals of deep intimacy | forward leaning, affectionate, touching, stroking manner
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| contentious style | aggressive dominance | argumentative, they sound like they want to fight
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| impression-leaving style | impression a communicator projects or leaves | not just how the person is remembered, but whether they leave an impression at all
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Created by:
schaunag
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