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show | Study of cells
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show | Barrier separating the cytoplasm from the interstitial fluid
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Nucleus | show 🗑
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show | All cellular structure housing DNA or a group of cell bodies in the central nervous system
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Cytosol | show 🗑
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show | A temporary store of molecules in the Cytosol
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Microscopy | show 🗑
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Cholesterol | show 🗑
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Glycolipid | show 🗑
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Ligand | show 🗑
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Glycocalyx | show 🗑
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show | Random movement of molecules or particles down their concentration gradient
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show | Passive transport process used when small nonpolar molecules cross the plasma membrane unassisted
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show | Passive transport process using carrier proteins or channel proteins to move a chemical across the plasma membrane
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Osmosis | show 🗑
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show | Freely permeable to some molecules, but relatively non-permeable to other molecules
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Aquaporins | show 🗑
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show | Pressure exerted by water movement across a membrane as it moves toward an area of lower water concentration
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Isotonic contraction | show 🗑
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Hypotonic solution | show 🗑
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show | Solution with a lower solute concentration and a higher water concentration than that of the Cytosol
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Hemolysis | show 🗑
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show | Solution with a lower water concentration and higher solute concentration than that of the Cytosol
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show | Method of a protein pump transporting a substance across the membrane against its concentration gradient
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show | Process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule
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Vesicle | show 🗑
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Exocytosis | show 🗑
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show | Movement of substances from the extracellular environment into the cell through the formation of a vesicle
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show | A form of endocytosis by which cells ingest and digest solid substances. Cell eating
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show | A form of endocytosis by which cells ingest liquid. Cell drinking.
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Electrochemical gradient | show 🗑
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Membrane potential | show 🗑
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Resting membrane potential (RMP) | show 🗑
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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | show 🗑
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Lysosome | show 🗑
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Autophagy | show 🗑
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Autolysis | show 🗑
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show | Membrane bound organelle containing oxidative enzymes
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show | Organelle composed of protein and rRNA that is the site of protein synthesis
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show | Organelle that participated in the separation of chromosome pairs during cell division
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Cytoskeleton | show 🗑
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show | Smallest structural protein of the cytoskeleton; composed of actin
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show | Hollow cylinders of tubulin protein that are part of the cytoskeleton; able to lengthen and shorten
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show | Plasma membrane extensions containing cytoplasm and microtubules that move materials past the cell
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Flagellum | show 🗑
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Microvilli | show 🗑
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show | One type of adhesion between two epithelial cells; a type of intercellular junction that holds cells together at a single point (like a button)
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Chromatin | show 🗑
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show | The most compact form of genetic material; a single long molecule of DNA and associated proteins; becomes visible only when the cell is dividing.
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show | Segment of DNA contains information to direct synthesis of a specific protein; functional unit of DNA
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Transcription | show 🗑
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Translation | show 🗑
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show | A portion of DNA that lies between two exons; non coding regions in pre-messenger RNA. These are removed during pre-messenger RNA processing
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Exon | show 🗑
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Anticodon | show 🗑
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Mitosis | show 🗑
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show | Process of sex cell division that results in haploid number of chromosomes
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Interphase | show 🗑
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show | The nonstaining constriction of a chromosome that is the point of attachment of the spindle fiber
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Cytokinesis | show 🗑
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show | Programmed cell death
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Light microscope (LM) | show 🗑
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show | Uses a beam of electrons to illuminate a specimen stained with heavy metal
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show | Directs electrons across the surface of a specimen to produce a three-dimensional image that is captured on a screen
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Transmission electron microscope (TEM) | show 🗑
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Interstitial fluid | show 🗑
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show | Complex organized structures within cells that have unique characteristic shapes and functions. Membrane bound and non-membrane bound
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show | Organelles enclosed by a membrane. Ex: ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondria
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Non-membrane bound organelles | show 🗑
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Phospholipids | show 🗑
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Phospholipid bilayer | show 🗑
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Integral proteins | show 🗑
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Peripheral proteins | show 🗑
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show | Provide a means of regulating the movement of substances across the plasma membrane. Includes channeled, carriers, pumps, symporters, and antiporters
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Cell surface receptors | show 🗑
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show | Communicate to other cells that they belong to the body. Distinguish between healthy and nonhealthy cells
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Anchoring sites | show 🗑
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show | For cell to cell attachments. Proteins that form membrane junctions
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Channel-mediated diffusion | show 🗑
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Carrier-mediated diffusion | show 🗑
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show | Allows the passage of water, but prevents the movement of most solutes
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show | When a cell shrinks due to water moving out of a cell
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show | A special type of ion pump. Exchange pump.
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Vesicular transport | show 🗑
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Symport | show 🗑
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antiport | show 🗑
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Receptor-mediated endocytosis | show 🗑
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show | Permit ion passage into or out of a cell in response to ligand bind. Required to initiate electrical changes to the RMP.
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show | Function as protein kinase enzymes and are activated to phosphorylation other enzymes within the cell
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G protein-coupled receptors | show 🗑
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show | Carries out diverse metabolic processes that vary by cell type. Functions include synthesis, transport, and storage of lipids; carbohydrate metabolism; and detoxification of drugs and poisons.
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Rough ER | show 🗑
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show | Small, enclosed membrane sacs pinch off from the ER
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show | Composed of elongated, flattened, membranous sacs. Has a distinct polarity. Two poles are cis-face and trans-face
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Endomembrane system | show 🗑
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Mitochondria | show 🗑
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Bound ribosomes | show 🗑
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Free ribosomes | show 🗑
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show | A structure close to the nucleus that has a pair of perpendicularly oriented, cylindrical centrioles surrounded by a protein. Primary function is organizing microtubules within the cytoskeleton.
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Proteasomes | show 🗑
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show | Junctions composed of both integral and peripheral membrane proteins which function to connect and support cells
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show | Composed of plasma membrane proteins that form strands or rows of proteins. They seal off the intercellular space and prevent substances from passing between cells; materials move through, instead of between, cells
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Hemidesmosomes | show 🗑
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show | Composed of 5 integral proteins that form a tiny, fluid-filled tunnel that extends across a small gap between adjacent cells. Forms a direct passageway for substances to move between neighboring cells.
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show | A double membrane that enclosed the nucleus
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Nucleoplasm | show 🗑
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Nuclear pores | show 🗑
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Histones | show 🗑
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show | A DNA double helix wrapped around histones
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Ribonucleotide | show 🗑
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Somatic cells | show 🗑
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show | Occurs when one cell divides, resulting in two identical cells
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show | The steps in the replication of a somatic cell
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show | Two identical cells that are the products of mitosis
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